Potential biomarkers for early periodontal inflammation: investigating CD5⁺ B cells, salivary cytokines and oral microbiome.

ABSTRACT: Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease that causes progressive destruction of the tooth-supporting apparatus and is linked to multiple systemic disorders. Despite its high prevalence, early biomarkers capable of predicting individual susceptibility remain elusive. The multifactorial nature of the disease and the lack of a validated, specific indicators hinder reliable early diagnosis before irreversible tissue damage occurs. CD5⁺ B cells, known for their autoreactive potential and role in bone resorption, have been previously found elevated in advanced periodontitis. Due to their association with tissue destruction, these cells may hold predictive value even at earlier stages. However, their systemic relevance in early periodontal inflammation is scarce

SUBMITTER: Gottschalk EC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12920879 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature