Demographic Disparities in AI-Generated Versus Search-Engine-Sourced Images of Ophthalmologists: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.

ABSTRACT: Purpose: To evaluate demographic representation in AI-generated and search-engine-sourced images of North American ophthalmologists, overall and stratified by subspecialty, and compare these with actual demographic data. Methods: This cross-sectional analysis examined 2000 images (1000 AI-generated and 1000 search-engine-sourced) across ten North American ophthalmology subspecialties. Images were sourced from four AI platforms (DALL·E 3, Firefly, Midjourney, Grok-2) and four search engines (Google, Bing, DuckDuckGo, Yahoo!). Using a standardized framework, reviewers assessed gender, race, age group, and professional attire. Pearson chi-squared tests were used to compare image sets with actual demographic data from the Association of American Medical Colleges and Canadian Inst

SUBMITTER: Gandhi S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12921965 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature