Assessing the health risks of rice cadmium content standards in China.

ABSTRACT: With increasing understanding of cadmium (Cd) exposure levels and toxicity mechanisms, the adequacy of current Cd limit standards for protecting public health requires comprehensive evaluation. Here, we found that 39.04% of rice Cd content surpassed the fifth percentile of benchmark dose lower limit (BMDL₅; 17.100 micrograms per day) threshold for dietary Cd associated with chronic kidney disease in Jiangsu Province. Moreover, more than 90% of rice Cd levels posed potential health hazards, with some samples presenting lifetime carcinogenic risks. Blood and urinary Cd levels demonstrated age-dependent increases, with 48.40 and 20.61% of participants exceeding BMDL₅ levels for blood Cd (0.640 micrograms per liter) and urinary Cd (0.120 micrograms per liter), respectivel

SUBMITTER: Chu H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12922759 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature