A novel infrared fluorescence method to identify regions of superficial microvenous reflux in patients with chronic venous disease.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Reflux within the superficial microvenous network may play a critical role in the development of skin changes associated with chronic venous insufficiency. This study aimed to extend previous ex vivo observations to determine the in vivo utility of near infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging to assess superficial venous reflux in the leg.

Methods

A total of 28 limbs were examined in 17 participants. These included limbs with (CEAP C2, n = 6; C3, n = 1; and C4, n = 15) and without (CEAP C0, n = 6) venous disease. Indocyanine green (5 mL at 0.1 mg/mL) was infused via an (antegrade) cannula in the distal great saphenous vein and the medial leg imaged using NIRF. Venous reflux was assessed using the Valsalva maneuver, with or without superficial outflow obstruction (thig

SUBMITTER: Jones GT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12925454 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature