Comparative risk of the neurodegenerative outcomes between sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and thiazolidinediones in type 2 diabetes: a multicentre cohort study using the Korean healthcare database (2014-2025).

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Type 2 diabetes mellitus has been associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and dementia, with patients being 1.5-2 times more likely to develop these conditions. While both sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and thiazolidinediones (TZDs) have shown potential neuroprotective effects in previous studies, their comparative effectiveness for preventing neurodegenerative outcomes has not been established. This study aimed to compare the risk of stroke, dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) between patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors and those treated with TZDs.

Design

Multicentre, retrospective, observational, new-user, active-comparator cohort study.

Setting

Electronic health record-based databases from 11 secondary and tertiary

SUBMITTER: Park SJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12927369 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature