The gut microbiome in graft-versus-host disease: mechanisms of immune modulation and therapeutic approaches.

ABSTRACT: Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) remains a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and occurs when T cells from the donor graft target recipient-derived antigen on host tissue. The involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract drives morbidity and mortality-not coincidentally, the GI tract also harbors the most complex and abundant human microbial reservoir. In this review, we first revisit how the microbiota initiates, propagates, and protects against GvHD in the context of both innate and adaptive immunity. Historically, the impact of the microbiota on GvHD has been ascribed primarily to the activation of innate immunity, setting the stage for donor alloreactivity. Although established models of GvHD focus on donor-host genetic disparity as the principal

SUBMITTER: Moses AB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12928662 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature