Sex-based clinical and immunological differences across lupus erythematosus subtypes: a cross-sectional multicentre study from China.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To investigate sex-related differences in clinical and immunological features across lupus erythematosus (LE) subtypes.

Methods

This cross-sectional analysis, based on the Lupus Erythematosus Multicenter Case-Control Study in Chinese populations (ChiCTR2100048939), included patients with SLE and major cutaneous LE (CLE) subtypes. Sex-specific comparisons were performed using R V.4.4.2.

Results

In 2097 patients (1865 SLE, 1648 CLE), female predominance was observed in all subtypes, with female-to-male ratios ranging from 11.3:1 (acute CLE, ACLE) to 2.1:1 (isolated CLE, iCLE). Except for ACLE, females had earlier or similar onset than males in all other subtypes. ACLE lesions were most common in females (67%). In male patients with LE, the proportion of discoi

SUBMITTER: Pan Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12931554 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature