Biotransformation Is an Effective Mechanism for Modulating the Biological Toxicity of Nodularin (NODR).

ABSTRACT: The biotransformation of nodularin (NOD) is one of the critical strategies for regulating their biological toxicity. To investigate the effects and mechanisms of the biotransformation pathway, this study synthesized six biotransformation products of nodulein-R (NODR-BTPs) and evaluated their inhibitory effects on protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) through protein phosphatase inhibition assays. The inhibitory effects of NODR-BTPs diminished as the molecular weight and polarity of the introduced biological thiols increased, indicating that biotransformation is an efficient mechanism for modulating the biological toxicity of NODR. Through ligand replacement and molecular docking techniques, the potential regulatory mechanisms underlying the primary interaction processes between NODR-BTPs and PP1 wer

SUBMITTER: Fu C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12944905 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature