A Modular Standard Operating Procedure for Standardizing Lithium Metal Interfaces.

ABSTRACT: Lithium metal is a promising material for high-energy-density batteries, yet its electrochemical behavior is strongly influenced by the poorly controlled initial surface state of commercial lithium foils. Variations arising from manufacturing, storage, and handling introduce interfacial heterogeneity, leading to performance scatter and limited reproducibility across studies. Herein, we establish a modular standard operating procedure (SOP) to systematically regulate lithium metal interfaces prior to testing. The SOP decomposes lithium pretreatment into three functionally distinct steps: chemical etching (E) to remove native surface layers, mechanical brushing (B) to homogenize surface geometry, and solution soaking (S) to induce a controlled artificial solid electrolyte interphase. Using s

SUBMITTER: Chang WH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC13370193 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature