Carbohydrate and Energy Composition of Preterm Human Milk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

ABSTRACT: Preterm human milk (HM) is a major source of carbohydrates (CHOs), primarily lactose, which contribute to energy intake and support growth and neurodevelopment. This systematic review and meta-analyses quantified total CHO, lactose, and energy content in preterm HM. EBSCO (Health Source-Nursing/Academic Edition and MEDLINE with Full Text), PubMed, and Scopus were searched through July 2023 for studies reporting nutrient composition in preterm HM (<37 wk gestation) from countries with a Human Development Index ≥0.8 to reduce potential heterogeneity that may influence HM composition. Cross-sectional, case-control (n ≥ 1), prospective cohort, and randomized controlled trials published in English were included. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts. Of the studies meeting i

SUBMITTER: Miketinas DC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC13627815 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature