Physicians in opera--reflection of medical history and public perception.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Willich SN
PROVIDER: S-EPMC1761149 | biostudies-literature | 2006 Dec
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Physicians in opera--reflection of medical history and public perception.
BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 20061201 7582
Similar Datasets
Project description:BACKGROUND:High-quality medical resources are in high demand worldwide, and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical care may help alleviate the crisis related to this shortage. The development of the medical AI industry depends to a certain extent on whether industry experts have a comprehensive understanding of the public's views on medical AI. Currently, the opinions of the general public on this matter remain unclear. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study is to explore the public perception of AI in medical care through a content analysis of social media data, including specific topics that the public is concerned about; public attitudes toward AI in medical care and the reasons for them; and public opinion on whether AI can replace human doctors. METHODS:Through an application programming interface, we collected a data set from the Sina Weibo platform comprising more than 16 million users throughout China by crawling all public posts from January to December 2017. Based on this data set, we identified 2315 posts related to AI in medical care and classified them through content analysis. RESULTS:Among the 2315 identified posts, we found three types of AI topics discussed on the platform: (1) technology and application (n=987, 42.63%), (2) industry development (n=706, 30.50%), and (3) impact on society (n=622, 26.87%). Out of 956 posts where public attitudes were expressed, 59.4% (n=568), 34.4% (n=329), and 6.2% (n=59) of the posts expressed positive, neutral, and negative attitudes, respectively. The immaturity of AI technology (27/59, 46%) and a distrust of related companies (n=15, 25%) were the two main reasons for the negative attitudes. Across 200 posts that mentioned public attitudes toward replacing human doctors with AI, 47.5% (n=95) and 32.5% (n=65) of the posts expressed that AI would completely or partially replace human doctors, respectively. In comparison, 20.0% (n=40) of the posts expressed that AI would not replace human doctors. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings indicate that people are most concerned about AI technology and applications. Generally, the majority of people held positive attitudes and believed that AI doctors would completely or partially replace human ones. Compared with previous studies on medical doctors, the general public has a more positive attitude toward medical AI. Lack of trust in AI and the absence of the humanistic care factor are essential reasons why some people still have a negative attitude toward medical AI. We suggest that practitioners may need to pay more attention to promoting the credibility of technology companies and meeting patients' emotional needs instead of focusing merely on technical issues.
| S-EPMC7385634 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The benefit gained by replacing physicians in the prehospital service is still controversial. The present study compared the difference of achievements of pre-hospital emergency between the physicians from public hospitals and those from the Emergency Medical Center.We included prehospital emergency patients who were sent to the hospital by ambulance after emergency calls from February 1 to May 31, 2016, in Shanghai (24,250,000 inhabitants). Cohort characteristics and diagnoses were described, and the data were analyzed using the Shanghai Emergency Medical Center's database software. We determined whether the physicians from public hospitals were associated with greater success rate of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and examined the diseases category and the number of patients with cardiac arrest in prehospital emergency patients.During February 1, 2016, to May 31, 2016, the total turnout of ambulances in the urban area of Shanghai was 107,341 times, among which, first aid was 55,053 times. The number of patients with cardiac arrest was 3012, the 3 principal causes for cardiac arrest were Unknown diagnosis (45.19%), Cardiovascular disease (28.02%) and Respiratory diseases (11.09%), and the successful rate of CPR was 1.56%. The number of critically ill patients, encountered by the physicians from public hospitals, was 10.33% as compared to those from the Emergency Medical Center, which was 11.77% (P < .001). Although the success rate of CPR of the physicians from public hospitals was lower than that of the physicians from the Emergency Medical Center (1.22-1.58%), it did not achieve statistical significance (P > .05).Transferring the physicians from public hospitals to work in Emergency Medical Center showed no improvement in the success rates of resuscitation.
| S-EPMC6221651 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeDeliberate reflection on initial diagnosis has been found to repair diagnostic errors. We investigated the effectiveness of teaching students to use deliberate reflection on future cases and whether their usage would depend on their perception of case difficulty.MethodOne-hundred-nineteen medical students solved cases either with deliberate-reflection or without instructions to reflect. One week later, all participants solved six cases, each with two equally likely diagnoses, but some symptoms in the case were associated with only one of the diagnoses (discriminating features). Participants provided one diagnosis and subsequently wrote down everything they remembered from it. After the first three cases, they were told that the next three would be difficult cases. Reflection was measured by the proportion of discriminating features recalled (overall; related to their provided diagnosis; related to alternative diagnosis).ResultsThe deliberate-reflection condition recalled more features for the alternative diagnosis than the control condition (p = .013) regardless of described difficulty. They also recalled more features related to their provided diagnosis on the first three cases (p = .004), but on the last three cases (described as difficult), there was no difference.ConclusionLearning deliberate reflection helped students engage in more reflective reasoning when solving future cases.
| S-EPMC10841076 | biostudies-literature
Project description:One of the ethical principles of medical research involving human subjects is obtaining proper informed consent (IC). However, if the participants' actual awareness of medical research terminology is lower than the researchers' prediction of that awareness, it may cause difficulty obtaining proper IC. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the presence of "perception gaps" and then discuss IC-related issues and measures based on the insights obtained. We conducted two online surveys: a "public survey" to understand the Japanese public's awareness of 11 medical research terms and a "physicians' survey" to investigate physicians' predictions regarding public awareness. In the "public survey," for each term, respondents were instructed to select their situation from "understand," "have heard," or "have never heard." In the "physicians' survey," respondents were asked to estimate the proportions of the general public who would "have understood," "have heard," or "have never heard" by using an 11-step scale. We analyzed separately in two age groups to understand the age-related difference. We received 1002 valid responses for the "public survey" and 275 for the "physicians' survey." Of the public respondents, more than 80% had never heard of terms such as interventional study, prospective clinical study, cohort study, Phase I clinical trial, or double-blind study. Concurrently, physicians overestimated general public awareness of the terms placebo, cohort study, double-blind study, and randomized clinical trial (in the group of people under 60). The results revealed the perception gap between the general public and physicians which raise serious concerns about obtaining proper IC from clinical research participants.Supplementary informationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s41649-023-00247-4.
| S-EPMC10555973 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The emergence of Chinese opera animation allows a wider audience, especially a younger audience, to access and embrace the art of opera heritage. This study used a two-way mixed-design ANOVA to explore the effect of Chinese opera animation on schoolchildren's viewing motivation; the independent variables were the children's grade level and the opera genre of the animation. Grade level was divided into three groups: lower, middle, and upper (grades 2, 4, and 6, respectively). Opera genre consisted of Peking, Yue, and Henan opera. The dependent variable, viewing motivation, comprised six dimensions: entertainment and relaxation, learning knowledge, escapist pastime, aesthetic appreciation, empathic identification, and socializing and sharing. After statistically analyzing the evaluations of 457 participants, the results showed the following: (1) Peking and Yue opera animation had a better entertainment and relaxation effect on the lower and middle groups. Henan opera had a better escapist pastime effect on the upper group but less effect on the lower group. (2) In terms of learning knowledge, empathic identification, aesthetic appreciation, and overall performance, Yue and Henan opera animations were more effective for enhancing viewing motivation compared with Peking opera animation. (3) The middle and lower groups showed higher viewing motivation than the upper group in the learning knowledge, empathic identification, and socializing and sharing dimensions. Overall, grades 2 and 4 were appropriate stages for schoolchildren to engage with opera animation. Our findings can provide a reference for promoting cultural heritage sustainability and support follow-up research on integrating opera animation into children's education.
| S-EPMC10566701 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundThe healthcare workforce is one of the six core components of a well-functioning and sufficient health system. The WHO highlights that improving education and training of the health workforce is critical to improving health systems. Medical education is a pillar of the healthcare workforce. The educational environment - the physical circumstances or conditions under which learning takes place - is an important factor determining medical education's effectiveness. Its academic and clinical effects significantly determine medical students' attitudes, knowledge, skills, progression, and behaviors. To ensure strong health systems, there is a need for improvement in medical education. Improvement must be contextual and informed by locally relevant data. This study, which assessed Ugandan medical students' perception of their learning environment, provides crucial context-specific data highly relevant to the current state of medical education in Uganda.MethodsThis quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students across five medical schools in Uganda between December 2021 and February 2022. Participants completed an online questionnaire with a demographics section and the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) tool. The data was analyzed using R in R Studio version 2021.09.0 + 351. The average score for each DREEM sub-scale and the total DREEM score were calculated, and their relationship with demographic characteristics was examined.ResultsThe average total DREEM score of the 335 participants was 112.27/200 (56.12%). We found that 69% (231/335) of the students had a positive perception. The sub-scale mean scores were as follows: Perception of Atmosphere - 25.14/48, Social Self-perception - 14.94/28, Perception of Teachers - 24.86/44, Perception of Learning - 28.8/48, and Academic Self-perceptions - 19.04/32. "There is a good support system for students who get stressed" was the item with the lowest mean score (1.41/5).ConclusionsThe study's findings indicate that medical students' perceptions of their learning environment are just above average. This suggests a need for improvement, particularly in the atmosphere and social support, to ensure the training of a robust health workforce. The results of this study should motivate stakeholders to initiate changes that will enhance the quality of medical education in Uganda.
| S-EPMC11653957 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundLow levels of asthma control worldwide point to the possibility of sub-optimal management; therefore, documentation of physicians' perception is critical for future interventions. Our aim was to examine self-reported management abilities of Turkish physicians dealing with children with asthma, document the factors affecting appropriate decisions and compare the results with those of a previous survey.MethodsPhysicians were surveyed via a questionnaire aimed to document self-perceived asthma knowledge and attitudes in asthma management.ResultsThe majority of physicians were male (63%) and examined 234 +/- 9 patients per week. Infrequent use of objective parameters in asthma diagnosis and attack severity assessment was reported and most preferred nebulized corticosteroids to the systemic form in acute asthma. Even though self-perceived overall asthma knowledge did not differ between genders (p = 0.098), male physicians scored higher than females for inhaled steroids for acute asthma (2.8 +/- 0.12 vs 2.17 +/- 0.2, respectively, p = 0.007), while female physicians recorded more frequent use of inhaled steroids for chronic asthma (3.72 +/- 0.08 vs 3.43 +/- 0.07, respectively, p = 0.006). Female physicians' scoring for "symptom control" as the main aim of asthma management was higher than that of their male counterparts (3.88 +/- 0.04 vs 3.65 +/- 0.06, respectively, p = 0.002).ConclusionAlthough there were some discrepancies between guidelines and clinical practice, most applications of Turkish physicians dealing with children with asthma were appropriate. Interestingly, when scores of female versus male physicians were compared, it can be suggested that female physicians have a more appropriate perception of asthma, indicating a significant contribution of gender-related factors in clinical attitudes and beliefs.
| S-EPMC2488342 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC11607811 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC10924575 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ImportanceFalse medical information disseminated dangerously during the COVID-19 pandemic, with certain physicians playing a surprisingly prominent role. Medical boards engendered widespread criticism for not imposing forceful sanctions, but considerable uncertainty remains about how the professional licensure system regulates physician-spread misinformation.ObjectiveTo compare the level of professional discipline of physicians for spreading medical misinformation relative to discipline for other offenses.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional study analyzed and coded publicly reported medical board disciplinary actions in the 5 most populous US states. The analysis included data from January 1, 2020, through May 30, 2023, for California, Florida, New York, and Pennsylvania and from January 1, 2020, through March 30, 2022, for Texas.Main outcomes and measuresMedical board disciplinary proceedings that resulted in some form of sanction were analyzed. Codes were assigned for the different types of offenses relied on by medical boards for imposing physician discipline.ResultsAmong 3128 medical board disciplinary proceedings in the 5 most populous states, spreading misinformation to the community was the least common reason for medical board discipline of physicians (6 [0.1%] of all identified offenses). Two reasons tied for third least common: patient-directed misinformation (21 [0.3%]) and inappropriate advertising or patient solicitation (21 [0.3%]). The frequency of misinformation conduct was exponentially lower than more common reasons for discipline, such as physician negligence (1911 [28.7%]), problematic record-keeping (990 [14.9%]), and inappropriate prescribing (901 [13.5%]). Patient-directed misinformation provided a basis for discipline 3 times as often as spreading misinformation to the community. The frequency of disciplinary actions for any reasons related to COVID-19 care, even if not about misinformation, was also quite low (10 [0.2%]). Sanctions in misinformation actions tended to be relatively light.Conclusions and relevanceThe frequency of discipline for physician-spread misinformation observed in this cross-sectional study was quite low despite increased salience and medical board warnings since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic about the dangers of physicians spreading falsehoods. These findings suggest that there is a serious disconnect between regulatory guidance and enforcement and that medical boards relied on spreading misinformation to patients as a reason for discipline 3 times more frequently than disseminating falsehoods to the public. These results shed light on important policy concerns about professional licensure, including why, under current patient-centered frameworks, this form of regulation may be particularly ill-suited to address medical misinformation.
| S-EPMC11558475 | biostudies-literature