Lethal Mycobacterium massiliense sepsis, Italy.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Tortoli E
PROVIDER: S-EPMC2600309 | biostudies-literature | 2008 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Lethal Mycobacterium massiliense sepsis, Italy.
Tortoli Enrico E Gabini Rita R Galanti Irene I Mariottini Alessandro A
Emerging infectious diseases 20080601 6
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Project description:Mycobacterium massiliense is a rapidly growing bacterium associated with opportunistic infections. The genome of a representative isolate (strain GO 06) recovered from wound samples from patients who underwent arthroscopic or laparoscopic surgery was sequenced. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first announcement of the complete genome sequence of an M. massiliense strain.
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Project description:An epidemic of infections after video-assisted surgery (1,051 possible cases) caused by rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) and involving 63 hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, occurred between August 2006 and July 2007. One hundred ninety-seven cases were confirmed by positive acid-fast staining and/or culture techniques. Thirty-eight hospitals had cases confirmed by mycobacterial culture, with a total of 148 available isolates recovered from 146 patients. Most (n = 144; 97.2%) isolates presented a PRA-hsp65 restriction pattern suggestive of Mycobacterium bolletii or Mycobacterium massiliense. Seventy-four of these isolates were further identified by hsp65 or rpoB partial sequencing, confirming the species identification as M. massiliense. Epidemic isolates showed susceptibility to amikacin (MIC at which 90% of the tested isolates are inhibited [MIC(90)], 8 microg/ml) and clarithromycin (MIC(90), 0.25 microg/ml) but resistance to ciprofloxacin (MIC(90), >or=32 microg/ml), cefoxitin (MIC(90), 128 microg/ml), and doxycycline (MIC(90), >or=64 microg/ml). Representative epidemic M. massiliense isolates that were randomly selected, including at least one isolate from each hospital where confirmed cases were detected, belonged to a single clone, as indicated by the analysis of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns. They also had the same PFGE pattern as that previously observed in two outbreaks that occurred in other Brazilian cities; we designated this clone BRA100. All five BRA100 M. massiliense isolates tested presented consistent tolerance to 2% glutaraldehyde. This is the largest epidemic of postsurgical infections caused by RGM reported in the literature to date in Brazil.
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Project description:Korean isolates of the Mycobacterium chelonae-Mycobacterium abscessus group, which had been isolated from two different hospitals in South Korea, were identified by PCR restriction analysis (PRA) and comparative sequence analysis of 16S rRNA genes, rpoB, and hsp65 to evaluate the proportion of four closely related species (M. chelonae, M. abscessus, M. massiliense, and M. bolletii). Of the 144 rapidly growing mycobacterial strains tested, 127 strains (88.2%) belonged to the M. chelonae-M. abscessus group. In this group, M. chelonae, M. abscessus, M. massiliense, and M. bolletii accounted for 0.8% (n = 1), 51.2% (n = 65), 46.5% (n = 59), and 1.6% (n = 2), respectively. Two isolates which showed discordant results, M. massiliense by rpoB sequence analysis and M. abscessus by hsp65 sequence analysis, were finally identified as M. massiliense based on the additional analysis of sodA and the 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer. M. abscessus group I isolates previously identified by hsp65 PRA were all found to be M. abscessus, whereas group II isolates were further identified as M. massiliense or M. bolletii by sequencing of rpoB and hsp65. Smooth, rough, or mixed colonies of both M. abscessus and M. massiliense isolates were observed. M. massiliense strains that were highly resistant to clarithromycin had a point mutation at the adenine at position 2058 (A(2058)) or 2059 (A(2059)) in the peptidyltransferase region of the 23S rRNA gene.
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Project description:In recent years, many novel nontuberculous mycobacterial species have been discovered through genetic analysis. Mycobacterium massiliense and M. bolletii have recently been identified as species separate from M. abscessus. However, little is known regarding their clinical and microbiological differences in Japan. We performed a molecular identification of stored M. abscessus clinical isolates for further identification. We compared clinical characteristics, radiological findings, microbiological findings, and treatment outcomes among patients with M. abscessus and M. massiliense lung diseases. An analysis of 102 previous isolates of M. abscessus identified 72 (71%) M. abscessus, 27 (26%) M. massiliense, and 3 (3%) M. bolletii isolates. Clinical and radiological findings were indistinguishable between the M. abscessus and M. massiliense groups. Forty-two (58%) patients with M. abscessus and 20 (74%) patients with M. massiliense infections received antimicrobial treatment. Both the M. abscessus and M. massiliense groups showed a high level of resistance to all antimicrobials, except for clarithromycin, kanamycin, and amikacin. However, resistance to clarithromycin was more frequently observed in the M. abscessus than in the M. massiliense group (16% and 4%, respectively; P = 0.145). Moreover, the level of resistance to imipenem was significantly lower in M. abscessus isolates than in M. massiliense isolates (19% and 48%, respectively; P = 0.007). The proportions of radiological improvement, sputum smear conversion to negativity, and negative culture conversion during the follow-up period were higher in patients with M. massiliense infections than in those with M. abscessus infections. Patients with M. massiliense infections responded more favorably to antimicrobial therapy than those with M. abscessus infections.
| S-EPMC3486228 | biostudies-literature
Project description:A 52-year-old woman with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia was diagnosed with Mycobacterium massiliense pneumonia after 4 months of chemotherapy. She developed M. massiliense bacteremia 1 month later. This is the first report of a proven case of M. massiliense bacteremia as a consequence of M. massiliense pneumonia.
| S-EPMC4042761 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Twelve strains of a rapidly growing Mycobacterium species were isolated from an outbreak associated with intramuscular injections of an antimicrobial agent and were identified by comparative sequence analysis of rpoB and hsp65. These isolates were identified as Mycobacterium massiliense (100% similarity).
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Project description:Objective: Surgical site infections (SSIs) owing to nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) have emerged as an important cause of hospital-acquired SSI leading to great morbidity and mortality. Among NTM, Mycobacterium abscessus is reported in these sites. Epidemiology and transmission of M. abscessus in humans is noticing crux changes. Case report : We hereby describe a case of SSI after lower segment cesarean section (LSCS), presenting as a skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) owing to a NTM. Conclusion: Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of infections caused by M. abscessus in patients who develop SSIs, particularly if they do not respond to conventional first-line antimicrobial therapy.
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Project description:Human neutrophils have been known to release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), antimicrobial DNA structures capable of capturing and killing microbes. Recently, a similar phenomenon has been reported in macrophages infected with various pathogens. However, a role for macrophages extracellular traps (METs) in host defense responses against Mycobacterium massiliense (M. mass) has yet to be described. In this study, we show that M. mass, a rapid growing mycobacterium (RGM), also induces the release of METs from PMA-differentiated THP-1 cells. Intriguingly, this process is not dependent on NADPH oxidase activity, which regulates NET formation. Instead, M. mass-induced MET formation partially depends on calcium influx and requires phagocytosis of high bacterial load. The METs consist of a DNA backbone embedded with microbicidal proteins such as histone, MPO and elastase. Released METs entrap M. mass and prevent their dissemination, but do not have bactericidal activity. Instead, they result in enhanced bacterial growth. In this regard, METs were considered to provide interaction of M. mass with cells and an environment for bacterial aggregation, which may facilitate mycobacterial survival and growth. In conclusion, our results demonstrate METs as an innate defense response against M. mass infection, and suggest that extracellular traps play a multifaceted role in the interplay between host and bacteria.
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Project description:Mycobacterium abscessus subspecies classification has important clinical implications. We used phylogenomic network and amino acid analyses to provide evidence for the separation of Mycobacterium bolletii and Mycobacterium massiliense into two distinct subspecies which can potentially be differentiated rapidly by their protein signatures.
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Project description:Recent multi locus sequence typing (MLST) and genome based studies indicate that lateral gene transfer (LGT) events in the rpoB gene are prevalent between Mycobacterium abscessus complex strains. To check the prevalence of the M. massiliense strains subject to rpoB LGT (Rec-mas), we applied rpoB typing (711 bp) to 106 Korean strains of M. massiliense infection that had already been identified by hsp65 sequence analysis (603 bp). The analysis indicated 6 smooth strains in M. massiliense Type I (10.0%, 6/60) genotypes but no strains in M. massiliense Type II genotypes (0%, 0/46), showing a discrepancy between the 2 typing methods. Further MLST analysis based on the partial sequencing of seven housekeeping genes, argH, cya, glpK, gnd, murC, pta and purH, as well as erm(41) PCR proved that these 6 Rec-mas strains consisted of two distinct genotypes belonging to M. massiliense and not M. abscessus. The complete rpoB sequencing analysis showed that these 6 Rec-mas strains have an identical hybrid rpoB gene, of which a 478 bp partial rpoB fragment may be laterally transferred from M. abscessus. Notably, five of the 6 Rec-mas strains showed complete identical sequences in a total of nine genes, including the seven MLST genes, hsp65, and rpoB, suggesting their clonal propagation in South Korea. In conclusion, we identified 6 M. massiliense smooth strains of 2 phylogenetically distinct genotypes with a specific hybrid rpoB gene laterally transferred from M. abscessus from Korean patients. Their clinical relevance and bacteriological traits remain to be elucidated.
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