Fermented ginseng improves the first-night effect in humans.

ABSTRACT:

Study objectives

The goal of this study was to clarify whether ginseng fermented by lactic acid bacteria (fermented ginseng, FG), can improve the first-night effect (FNE) in humans.

Design

Behavioral tests and quantification of mRNA expression related to GABAergic neurotransmission in brain (glutamic acid decarboxylase 1, gamma-aminobutyrate aminotransferase [Abat], gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter 1 [GAT1], gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter 4, gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor subunit alpha 1 and gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor subunit alpha 2) were carried out in FG-treated mice. We also performed double-blind sleep recordings of human subjects given FG or placebo.

Setting

A university-based sleep laboratory.

Patients or participants

Sixteen healthy

SUBMITTER: Kitaoka K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2647796 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature