Inducible defences as key adaptations for the successful invasion of Daphnia lumholtzi in North America?

ABSTRACT: The mechanisms underlying successful biological invasions often remain unclear. In the case of the tropical water flea Daphnia lumholtzi, which invaded North America, it has been suggested that this species possesses a high thermal tolerance, which in the course of global climate change promotes its establishment and rapid spread. However, D. lumholtzi has an additional remarkable feature: it is the only water flea that forms rigid head spines in response to chemicals released in the presence of fishes. These morphologically (phenotypically) plastic traits serve as an inducible defence against these predators. Here, we show in controlled mesocosm experiments that the native North American species Daphnia pulicaria is competitively superior to D. lumholtzi in the absence of predators. Howev

SUBMITTER: Engel K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2674494 | biostudies-literature | 2009 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature