Browse
Submit Data
Databases
API
Help

Dataset Information

53 Views

0 Connections

0 Citations

0 Reanalyses

0 Downloads

Omics score: 0

Cocaine modulates locomotion behavior in C. elegans.

ABSTRACT: Cocaine, a potent addictive substance, is an inhibitor of monoamine transporters, including DAT (dopamine transporter), SERT (serotonin transporter) and NET (norepinephrine transporter). Cocaine administration induces complex behavioral alterations in mammals, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we tested the effect of cocaine on C. elegans behavior. We show for the first time that acute cocaine treatment evokes changes in C. elegans locomotor activity. Interestingly, the neurotransmitter serotonin, rather than dopamine, is required for cocaine response in C. elegans. The C. elegans SERT MOD-5 is essential for the effect of cocaine, consistent with the role of cocaine in targeting monoamine transporters. We further show that the behavioral response to cocaine is primarily mediated by the ionotropic serotonin receptor MOD-1. Thus, cocaine modulates locomotion behavior in C. elegans primarily by impinging on its serotoninergic system.

SUBMITTER: Ward A

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2691951 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

ACCESS DATA

Json Xml

Publications

Cocaine modulates locomotion behavior in C. elegans.

Ward Alex A Walker Vyvyca J VJ Feng Zhaoyang Z Xu X Z Shawn XZ

PloS one 20090617 6

Cocaine, a potent addictive substance, is an inhibitor of monoamine transporters, including DAT (dopamine transporter), SERT (serotonin transporter) and NET (norepinephrine transporter). Cocaine administration induces complex behavioral alterations in mammals, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Here, we tested the effect of cocaine on C. elegans behavior. We show for the first time that acute cocaine treatment evokes changes in C. elegans locomotor activity. Interestingly, th ...[more]

PMID: 19536276

Similar Datasets

Locomotion modulates olfactory learning through proprioception in C. elegans.

Project description:Locomotor activities can enhance learning, but the underlying circuit and synaptic mechanisms are largely unknown. Here we show that locomotion facilitates aversive olfactory learning in C. elegans by activating mechanoreceptors in motor neurons, and transmitting the proprioceptive information thus generated to locomotion interneurons through antidromic-rectifying gap junctions. The proprioceptive information serves to regulate experience-dependent activities and functional coupling of interneurons that process olfactory sensory information to produce the learning behavior. Genetic destruction of either the mechanoreceptors in motor neurons, the rectifying gap junctions between the motor neurons and locomotion interneurons, or specific inhibitory synapses among the interneurons impairs the aversive olfactory learning. We have thus uncovered an unexpected role of proprioception in a specific learning behavior as well as the circuit, synaptic, and gene bases for this function.

| S-EPMC10374624 | biostudies-literature

Topological Data Analysis of <i>C. elegans</i> Locomotion and Behavior.

Project description:We apply topological data analysis to the behavior of C. elegans, a widely studied model organism in biology. In particular, we use topology to produce a quantitative summary of complex behavior which may be applied to high-throughput data. Our methods allow us to distinguish and classify videos from various environmental conditions and we analyze the trade-off between accuracy and interpretability. Furthermore, we present a novel technique for visualizing the outputs of our analysis in terms of the input. Specifically, we use representative cycles of persistent homology to produce synthetic videos of stereotypical behaviors.

| S-EPMC8276312 | biostudies-literature

Superoxide dismutase SOD-1 modulates C. elegans pathogen avoidance behavior.

Project description:The C. elegans nervous system mediates protective physiological and behavioral responses amid infection. However, it remains largely unknown how the nervous system responds to reactive oxygen species (ROS) activated by pathogenic microbes during infection. Here, we show superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), an enzyme that converts superoxide into less toxic hydrogen peroxide and oxygen, functions in the gustatory neuron ASER to mediate C. elegans pathogen avoidance response. When C. elegans first encounters pathogenic bacteria P. aeruginosa, SOD-1 is induced in the ASER neuron. After prolonged P. aeruginosa exposure, ASER-specific SOD-1 expression is diminished. In turn, C. elegans starts to vacate the pathogenic bacteria lawn. Genetic knockdown experiments reveal that pathogen-induced ROS activate sod-1 dependent behavioral response non cell-autonomously. We postulate that the delayed aversive response to detrimental microbes may provide survival benefits by allowing C. elegans to temporarily utilize food that is tainted with pathogens as an additional energy source. Our data offer a mechanistic insight into how the nervous system mediates food-seeking behavior amid oxidative stress and suggest that the internal state of redox homeostasis could underlie the behavioral response to harmful microbial species.

| S-EPMC5359715 | biostudies-literature

CeleST: computer vision software for quantitative analysis of C. elegans swim behavior reveals novel features of locomotion.

Project description:In the effort to define genes and specific neuronal circuits that control behavior and plasticity, the capacity for high-precision automated analysis of behavior is essential. We report on comprehensive computer vision software for analysis of swimming locomotion of C. elegans, a simple animal model initially developed to facilitate elaboration of genetic influences on behavior. C. elegans swim test software CeleST tracks swimming of multiple animals, measures 10 novel parameters of swim behavior that can fully report dynamic changes in posture and speed, and generates data in several analysis formats, complete with statistics. Our measures of swim locomotion utilize a deformable model approach and a novel mathematical analysis of curvature maps that enable even irregular patterns and dynamic changes to be scored without need for thresholding or dropping outlier swimmers from study. Operation of CeleST is mostly automated and only requires minimal investigator interventions, such as the selection of videotaped swim trials and choice of data output format. Data can be analyzed from the level of the single animal to populations of thousands. We document how the CeleST program reveals unexpected preferences for specific swim "gaits" in wild-type C. elegans, uncovers previously unknown mutant phenotypes, efficiently tracks changes in aging populations, and distinguishes "graceful" from poor aging. The sensitivity, dynamic range, and comprehensive nature of CeleST measures elevate swim locomotion analysis to a new level of ease, economy, and detail that enables behavioral plasticity resulting from genetic, cellular, or experience manipulation to be analyzed in ways not previously possible.

| S-EPMC4102393 | biostudies-literature

Serotonin modulates behavior-related neural activity of RID interneuron in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Project description:Animals change their behaviors in response to external stimuli, and numerous neurotransmitters are involved in these behavioral changes. In Caenorhabditis elegans, serotonin (5-HT) affects various behaviors such as inhibition of locomotion, stimulation of egg laying, and pharyngeal pumping. Previous research has shown that the neural activity of the RID interneuron increases when the worm moves forward, and the RID is necessary for sustaining forward locomotion. However, the relationship between 5-HT and neural activity of RID, and how it modulates the behavior of the worm has not been investigated. In this article, we reveal the relationship among 5-HT, RID activity, and the behavior of worms using a custom-made tracking and imaging system. We simultaneously measured the neural activity of the RID and behavior in worms with three conditions: mock animals, animals pre-exposed to 5-HT, and 5-HT receptor mod-1 mutants. As shown in previous research, the neural activity of the RID increased during the transition from backward to forward, whereas it decreased during the transition from forward to backward in mock animals. These changes in neural activity were not observed in animals pre-exposed to 5-HT and mod-1 mutants. Moreover, RID activity was correlated with the velocity of the worm in mock animals. However, this correlation was not observed in animals pre-exposed to 5-HT and mod-1 mutants. Our results demonstrate that 5-HT modulates the activity of the RID interneuron, and we infer that the RID plays a role in modulating forward locomotion by changing its activity through 5-HT.

| S-EPMC6892467 | biostudies-literature

Developmental programming modulates olfactory behavior in C. elegans via endogenous RNAi pathways.

Project description:Environmental stress during early development can impact adult phenotypes via programmed changes in gene expression. C. elegans larvae respond to environmental stress by entering the stress-resistant dauer diapause pathway and resume development once conditions improve (postdauers). Here we show that the osm-9 TRPV channel gene is a target of developmental programming and is down-regulated specifically in the ADL chemosensory neurons of postdauer adults, resulting in a corresponding altered olfactory behavior that is mediated by ADL in an OSM-9-dependent manner. We identify a cis-acting motif bound by the DAF-3 SMAD and ZFP-1 (AF10) proteins that is necessary for the differential regulation of osm-9, and demonstrate that both chromatin remodeling and endo-siRNA pathways are major contributors to the transcriptional silencing of the osm-9 locus. This work describes an elegant mechanism by which developmental experience influences adult phenotypes by establishing and maintaining transcriptional changes via RNAi and chromatin remodeling pathways.

| S-EPMC4924998 | biostudies-literature

Locomotion control of Caenorhabditis elegans through confinement.

Project description:The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans shows two distinct locomotion patterns in laboratory situations: it swims in low viscosity liquids and it crawls on the surface of an agar gel. This provides a unique opportunity to discern the respective roles of mechanosensation (perception and proprioception) and mechanics in the regulation of locomotion and in the gait selection. Using an original device, we present what to our knowledge are new experiments where the confinement of a worm between a glass plate and a soft agar gel is controlled while recording the worm's motion. We observed that the worm continuously varied its locomotion characteristics from free swimming to slow crawling with increasing confinement so that it was not possible to discriminate between two distinct intrinsic gaits. This unicity of the gait is also proved by the fact that wild-type worms immediately adapted their motion when the imposed confinement was changed with time. We then studied locomotory deficient mutants that also exhibited one single gait and showed that the light touch response was needed for the undulation propagation and that the ciliated sensory neurons participated in the joint selection of motion period and undulation-wave velocity. Our results reveal that the control of maximum curvature, at a sensory or mechanical level, is a key ingredient of the locomotion regulation.

| S-EPMC3379027 | biostudies-literature

microRNAs involved in the control of toxicity on locomotion behavior induced by simulated microgravity stress in Caenorhabditis elegans.

Project description:microRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptionally regulate the expression of targeted genes. We here systematically identify miRNAs in response to simulated microgravity based on both expressions and functional analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans. After simulated microgravity treatment, we observed that 19 miRNAs (16 down-regulated and 3 up-regulated) were dysregulated. Among these dysregulated miRNAs, let-7, mir-54, mir-67, mir-85, mir-252, mir-354, mir-789, mir-2208, and mir-5592 were required for the toxicity induction of simulated microgravity in suppressing locomotion behavior. In nematodes, alteration in expressions of let-7, mir-67, mir-85, mir-252, mir-354, mir-789, mir-2208, and mir-5592 mediated a protective response to simulated microgravity, whereas alteration in mir-54 expression mediated the toxicity induction of simulated microgravity. Moreover, among these candidate miRNAs, let-7 regulated the toxicity of simulated microgravity by targeting and suppressing SKN-1/Nrf protein. In the intestine, a signaling cascade of SKN-1/Nrf-GST-4/GST-5/GST-7 required for the control of oxidative stress was identified to act downstream of let-7 to regulate the toxicity of simulated microgravity. Our data demonstrated the crucial function of miRNAs in regulating the toxicity of simulated microgravity stress in organisms. Moreover, our results further provided an important molecular basis for epigenetic control of toxicity of simulated microgravity.

| S-EPMC7567087 | biostudies-literature

Chemosensation of bacterial secondary metabolites modulates neuroendocrine signaling and behavior of C. elegans.

Project description:Discrimination between pathogenic and beneficial microbes is essential for host organism immunity and homeostasis. Here, we show that chemosensory detection of two secondary metabolites produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa modulates a neuroendocrine signaling pathway that promotes avoidance behavior in the simple animal host Caenorhabditis elegans. Secondary metabolites phenazine-1-carboxamide and pyochelin activate a G-protein-signaling pathway in the ASJ chemosensory neuron pair that induces expression of the neuromodulator DAF-7/TGF-β. DAF-7, in turn, activates a canonical TGF-β signaling pathway in adjacent interneurons to modulate aerotaxis behavior and promote avoidance of pathogenic P. aeruginosa. Our data provide a chemical, genetic, and neuronal basis for how the behavior and physiology of a simple animal host can be modified by the microbial environment and suggest that secondary metabolites produced by microbes may provide environmental cues that contribute to pathogen recognition and host survival.

| S-EPMC4194030 | biostudies-literature

Undulatory locomotion of Caenorhabditis elegans on wet surfaces.

Project description:The physical and biomechanical principles that govern undulatory movement on wet surfaces have important applications in physiology, physics, and engineering. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, with its highly stereotypical and functionally distinct sinusoidal locomotory gaits, is an excellent system in which to dissect these properties. Measurements of the main forces governing the C. elegans crawling gait on lubricated surfaces have been scarce, primarily due to difficulties in estimating the physical features at the nematode-gel interface. Using kinematic data and a hydrodynamic model based on lubrication theory, we calculate both the surface drag forces and the nematode's bending force while crawling on the surface of agar gels within a preexisting groove. We find that the normal and tangential surface drag coefficients during crawling are ∼222 and 22, respectively, and the drag coefficient ratio is ∼10. During crawling, the calculated internal bending force is time-periodic and spatially complex, exhibiting a phase lag with respect to the nematode's body bending curvature. This phase lag is largely due to viscous drag forces, which are higher during crawling as compared to swimming in an aqueous buffer solution. The spatial patterns of bending force generated during either swimming or crawling correlate well with previously described gait-specific features of calcium signals in muscle. Further, our analysis indicates that one may be able to control the motility gait of C. elegans by judiciously adjusting the magnitude of the surface drag coefficients.

| S-EPMC3379020 | biostudies-literature

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

OmicsDI is an Elixir interoperability service. Learn more ›

Tweets

OmicsDI Databases

PRIDE
PeptideAtlas
MassIVE
JPOST Repository
Physiome Model Repository

EGA
EVA
ENA
LINCS
PAXDB
Cell Collective

MetaboLights
Metabolomics Workbench
MetabolomeExpress
GNPS
BioModels
FAIRDOMHub

ArrayExpress
dbGaP
ExpressionAtlas
GEO
NODE

Information

Databases
Help
API
Contact us
Code on GitHub
Terms of use
Submit Data