NFATc1 mediates Toll-like receptor-independent innate immune responses during Trypanosoma cruzi infection.

ABSTRACT: Host defense against the intracellular protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi depends on Toll-like receptor (TLR)-dependent innate immune responses. Recent studies also suggest the presence of TLR-independent responses to several microorganisms, such as viruses, bacteria, and fungi. However, the TLR-independent responses to protozoa remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate a novel TLR-independent innate response pathway to T. cruzi. Myd88(-/-)Trif(-/-) mice lacking TLR signaling showed normal T. cruzi-induced Th1 responses and maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), despite high sensitivity to the infection. IFN-gamma was normally induced in T. cruzi-infected Myd88(-/-)Trif(-/-) innate immune cells, and further was responsible for the TLR-independent Th1 responses and DC maturation after T. cruzi i

SUBMITTER: Kayama H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2704961 | biostudies-literature | 2009 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature