Increase in high risk sexual behaviour among homosexual men, London 1996-8: cross sectional, questionnaire study.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Dodds JP
PROVIDER: S-EPMC27393 | biostudies-literature | 2000 Jun
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
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Increase in high risk sexual behaviour among homosexual men, London 1996-8: cross sectional, questionnaire study.
Dodds J P JP Nardone A A Mercey D E DE Johnson A M AM
BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 20000601 7248
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Project description:Objectives Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a marginalised population at high risk for a variety of mental health problems that may mutually facilitate HIV transmission. We assessed factors associated with depressive symptoms among MSM, which can provide some guidance for future mental health interventions with the MSM population for prevention of HIV infection and transmission. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wenzhou city, China using respondent-driven sampling (RDS) between December 2013 and June 2014. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was employed to collect information about mental and psychosocial health conditions and sexual behaviour characteristics among MSM. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with major depressive symptoms. Results Of the 454 participants in the study, prevalence of major depressive symptoms was 34.6%. During the past 6 months, 85% had anal sex with men, and rate of consistent condom use during anal intercourse was 45.1%. Of the respondents, 16.1% reported suicidal ideation, 62.6% had a history of smoking and 41.4% had a history of drinking alcohol, of which 46.3% reported that they were once drunk. Drug use was reported in 3.7% of the sample. Adult sexual violence from same-sex partners was 7.9%, and 5.1% reported childhood sexual abuse. ARDS-weighted multivariable analysis showed that major depressive symptoms among MSM were associated with inconsistent condom use during anal sex with men, multiple oral male sexual partners, suicidal ideation, adult sexual violence from male partners and being once drunk in the past year. Conclusion We found high levels of depressive symptoms, unprotected sex and suicidal ideation among MSM. Comprehensive intervention strategies that combine psychological, behavioural and social aspects are needed to address the mental health issues of MSM, with special attention given to suicidality and high-risk behaviours in mental health and HIV prevention interventions.
| S-EPMC5969728 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background and purposeMany men with cancer experience that changes created by cancer and its treatment may impair sexual function. However, many studies investigating sexual impairments fail to consider whether such impairments are perceived as distressing, i.e. create sexual distress. We investigated the prevalence of sexual distress, overlap with sexual impairment, and sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and other symptoms associated with sexual distress in a heterogeneous male cancer population.Patients and methodsAcross cancer diagnoses, 2792 men in treatment or follow up at the Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, were invited. The Sexual Complaint Screener (SCS) assessed sexual impairments and sexual distress. Regression analyses estimated the association of sexual distress with sociodemographic and tumor-related factors, other symptoms (pain, depression, fatigue, insomnia, fear of recurrence), and health-related quality of life. The number of patients who received help for or were interested in a consultation for sexual problems was calculated.ResultsSix hundred and ninety-six patients, most frequently diagnosed with testicular (26%) or multiple (16%) cancers, completed the SCS. Forty-one per cent experienced sexual distress, 60% sexual impairment, and 34% overlapping sexual distress and impairment. Sexual distress was significantly associated with clinically relevant insomnia (OR:2.15; 95% CI:1.5-3.1) and pain (OR:1.90; 95% CI:1.3-2.9). Two thirds of all patients wished for help, but only one third of these were receiving help.InterpretationSexual distress was widespread in men across different cancer diagnoses and sometimes presented without impairment, demonstrating that assessment of sexual problems must include the personal experience of distress and extend to men across cancer diagnoses.
| S-EPMC11833328 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC7190529 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Background:The sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs of men have received little attention in Iran's healthcare system. Developing appropriate strategies to meet men's needs requires careful assessment and recognition of their health needs. Objective:The objective of this study is to assess men's SRH needs and satisfaction with received services. Materials and Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 1068 adult men aged between 20 and 60 years in Ahvaz in 2014. For obtaining the SRH services needs of men, in addition to the self-reported felt needs, expressed needs and unmet needs, a need assessment was also done using a questionnaire that was developed for the research; its validity and reliability were assessed. Results:The men's perceived, expressed and unmet needs for SRH services were, priority-wise, screening and diagnosis of male genital cancers (63.3%), receiving contraceptive methods (36%), diagnosis, and treatment of male sexual dysfunction (86.9%), respectively. Preventing sexually transmitted disease/AIDS (72.1%), using contraceptives correctly (39.5%), and resisting peer pressure (86.6%) were, respectively, the first felt, expressed, and unmet skills men needed. The results of multivariate logistical regression showed that there was a significant statistical correlation between men's SRH needs and their socio-demographic factors (age, marital/educational status, income) ( p<0.05 ). Conclusion:Iranian men have many unmet SRH needs. Felt and expressed SRH needs were different. Educational and counseling services are as important as clinical services.
| S-EPMC6600284 | biostudies-literature
Project description:ObjectiveTo assess the sexual health-seeking behaviour and identify the associated factors in men with diabetes mellitus attending in the northwest Amhara region hospitals, Ethiopia.DesignHopital-based cross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted in the northwest Amhara region hospitals between 20 February and 30 April 2020.ParticipantsA total of 389 men with diabetes were approached using a systematic random sampling technique. A face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. The binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors contributing to sexual health-seeking behaviour. Odds Ratio with its corresponding 95% CI was used to measure the association. Factors with a p value ≤0.05 in multivariable logistic regression were deemed as significant factors.Outcome measuresParticipants were interviewed to respond whether they had sought sexual health service since they were notified to have diabetes mellitus.ResultsA quarter of men with diabetes (25%; 23.4%-27.6%) has sought sexual health service since they were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The odds of seeking sexual health service was reduced by 67% in participants who were not able to read and write (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=0.33; 0.1-0.87) and 71% in participants who have attended primary/secondary education (AOR=0.29; 0.1-0.67) than those who have a diploma and above. Experiencing sexual dysfunction was also significantly associated with an increased odds of seeking sexual health service (AOR=7.1; 2.1-23).ConclusionsThe study remarks that just one-fourth of men with diabetes had sought sexual health services. Participants with lower educational status are less likely to seek sexual health services. Patients who have experienced sexual dysfunction sought the service well compared with their counterparts. Therefore, special emphasis should be given to men with lower educational status. Similarly, counselling patients to seek sexual health service before experiencing sexual dysfunction would help to improve sexual health-seeking behaviour.
| S-EPMC8811566 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Testicular microlithiasis (TML) is an incidental finding at ultrasonography of the scrotum. A link between testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer has been suggested. However, the majority of studies are retrospective using ultrasonography with minor data on health status and life style characteristics. Our objective was to investigate if lifestyle and health are associated with TML. In 2014, we conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey including 1538 men, who all due to testicular/scrotal symptoms had an ultrasound investigation of the scrotum during 2004-2013. The men were divided into men with TML and men without. The 23-items questionnaire included items on age, height, weight, lifestyle (alcohol consumptions, smoking habits, workload, exercise and food), previous diseases in the testicles, pain and consumption of analgesics. The prevalence of TML was 12.8%. Overall, lifestyle factors did not vary between men with or without TML. However, men with TML did consume more crisp than men without. Development of TML was not associated to classic life style factors such as alcohol consumption, smoking habits, or mothers smoking during pregnancy. Also, age and height could not be linked to presence of TML. We did find, however, that men with TML experienced less physical activity and consumed more crisp than men without TML. Since ingestion of crisps has potential carcinogenic effect (acrylamide), this finding needs confirmation in a separate study.
| S-EPMC6088230 | biostudies-literature
Project description:IntroductionIn contrast to tobacco smoking, electronic cigarette ("vaping") advertisement had been approved in the United Kingdom (UK) in January 2013. Currently, there are an estimated 3.2 million UK e-cigarette users. The impact of e-cigarette advertisement on tobacco use has not been studied in detail. We hypothesised that e-cigarette advertisement impacts on conventional smoking behaviour.MethodsA cross-sectional structured survey assessed the impact of e-cigarette advertising on the perceived social acceptability of cigarette and e-cigarette smoking and on using either cigarettes or e-cigarettes (on a scale of 1 to 5/'not at all' to 'a lot'). The survey was administered between January to March 2015 to London university students, before and after viewing 5 UK adverts including a TV commercial.ResultsData were collected from 106 participants (22 ± 2 years, 66% male), comprising cigarette smokers (32%), non-smokers (54%) and ex-smokers (14%). This included vapers (16%), non-vapers (77%) and ex-vapers (7%). After viewing the adverts, smokers (2.6 ± 1.0 vs. 3.8 ± 1.1, p = 0.001) and non-smokers (3.2 ± 0.7 vs. 3.7 ± 0.8, p = 0.007) felt smoking was more socially acceptable, compared to before viewing them. Participants were more likely to try both e-cigarettes (1.90 ± 1.03 to 3.09 ± 1.11, p < 0.001) and conventional cigarettes (1.73 ± 0.83 to 2.27 ± 1.13, p < 0.001) after viewing the adverts compared to before. Vapers were less likely to smoke both an e-cigarette, and a conventional cigarette after viewing the adverts.ConclusionE-cigarette advertising encourages both e-cigarette and conventional cigarette use in young smokers and non-smokers. The adverts increase the social acceptability of smoking without regarding the importance of public health campaigns that champion smoking cessation.
| S-EPMC6778585 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundUS and Northern European studies have found a higher prevalence of alcohol-related problems among men who have sex with men (MSM) than among the general population of men (GPM). However, most of them relied on traditional sampling methods, not profiting from MSM dating apps and websites for recruitment. Besides, analogous comparisons in Southern Europe are lacking.ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare several indicators of excessive drinking between MSM and GPM in Spain.MethodsOverall, 5862 MSM were recruited through dating apps or websites for the Méthysos Project, and 10,349 GPM were recruited using probability sampling via the Household Survey on Alcohol and Drugs in Spain from 2018 to 2020. The outcomes were the prevalence of hazardous or harmful drinking (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test [AUDIT] ≥8), hazardous drinking (AUDIT-Consumption ≥4), harmful drinking (AUDIT-Problem ≥4), regular hazardous drinking (>14 standard drinks per week), and monthly binge drinking. The prevalence of excessive drinking indicators was calculated for MSM and GPM and compared using the adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR). Two different aPRs and their 95% CIs were estimated using Poisson regression models with robust variance. The first was adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, and the second was adjusted for the aforementioned covariates plus other drug use.ResultsThe prevalence of hazardous or harmful drinking was 15.6% (913/5862) among MSM versus 7.7% (902/10,349) among GPM. After adjusting for sociodemographic covariates, the risk was higher in MSM than in GPM for harmful or hazardous drinking (aPR 1.8, 95% CI 1.6-2.0), harmful drinking (aPR 2.3, 95% CI 2.0-2.7), and binge drinking (aPR 1.7, 95% CI 1.5-1.9); the same in both populations for hazardous drinking (aPR 0.9, 95% CI 0.9-1.0); and higher in GPM than in MSM for regular hazardous drinking (aPR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6-0.9). The relative excess risk of harmful drinking and binge drinking among MSM tended to increase with increasing education level and size of the place of residence, and the opposite was true for the deficit risk in regular hazardous drinking. Additional adjustment for other drug use greatly buffered the relative excess risk in harmful drinking and binge drinking in MSM, while it deepened its deficit risk in regular hazardous drinking.ConclusionsThe use of web-based resources allowed recruiting a large sample of MSM. The risk of hazardous or harmful drinking was 80% greater in MSM than in GPM, which was mainly because of the higher risk of harmful drinking and binge drinking among MSM. Nearly 1 in 6 MSM would benefit from early brief alcohol intervention procedures. The subgroup with harmful or binge drinking combined with other drug use is an important contributor to excess MSM risk in hazardous or harmful drinking and must be a priority target for harm reduction interventions.
| S-EPMC9664322 | biostudies-literature
Project description:There are still important gaps in our understanding of how people will incorporate PrEP into their existing HIV prevention strategies. In this paper, we explore how PrEP use impacted existing sexual risk behaviours and risk reduction strategies using qualitative data from the PROUD study. From February 2014 to January 2016, we conducted 41 in-depth interviews with gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) enrolled in the PROUD PrEP study at sexual health clinics in England. The interviews were conducted in English and were audio-recorded. The recordings were transcribed, coded and analysed using framework analysis. In the interviews, we explored participants' sexual behaviour before joining the study and among those using or who had used PrEP, changes to sexual behaviour after starting PrEP. Participants described the risk behaviour and management strategies before using PrEP, which included irregular condom use, sero-sorting, and strategic positioning. Participants described their sexual risk taking before initiating PrEP in the context of the sexualised use of drugs, geographical spaces linked with higher risk sexual norms, and digitised sexual networking, as well as problematic psychological factors that exacerbated risk taking. The findings highlight that in the main, individuals who were already having frequent condomless sex, added PrEP to the existing range of risk management strategies, influencing the boundaries of the 'rules' for some but not all. While approximately half the participants reduced other risk reduction strategies after starting PrEP, the other half did not alter their behaviours. PrEP provided an additional HIV prevention option to a cohort of GBMSM at high risk of HIV due to inconsistent use of other prevention options. In summary, PrEP provides a critical and necessary additional HIV prevention option that individuals can add to existing strategies in order to enhance protection, at least from HIV. As a daily pill, PrEP offers protection in the context of the sex cultures associated with sexualised drug use, digitised sexual applications and shifting social norms around sexual fulfilment and risk taking. PrEP can offer short or longer-term options for individuals as their sexual desires change over their life course offering protection from HIV during periods of heightened risk. PrEP should not be perceived or positioned in opposition to the existing HIV prevention toolkit, but rather as additive and as a tool that can and is having a substantial impact on HIV.
| S-EPMC6570678 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundEating behavior is influenced by intrinsic and extrinsic factors from early infancy, shaping an individual's relationship with food. Tools such as the Children's Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) were designed to evaluate these patterns in children and facilitate the early identification of potential issues.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to validate the CEBQ for use in Brazilian children and adolescents.MethodsParents/caregivers of students from public and private schools in southern Brazil completed the CEBQ. Anthropometric measurements of students' weight and height were also taken. Psychometric properties were assessed by internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), construct validity (exploratory factor analysis), and criterion validity (correlation between CEBQ scores and participants' body mass index-for-age categories).ResultsA total of 205 participants aged 3 to 13 and their caregivers participated in this study. Exploratory factor analysis resulted in a five-factor questionnaire and a reduction of four items. All remaining items had a factor loading > 0.3. Cronbach's alpha values were satisfactory, with values ≥ 0.7 in all factors, supporting the instrument's internal consistency. The findings also showed significant associations between CEBQ scales and participants' BMI for age.ConclusionsThe findings of this study provide evidence that the CEBQ is a valid tool for assessing eating behavior in Brazilian children and adolescents.
| S-EPMC11902245 | biostudies-literature