Project description:Introduction: The present study was conducted to verify a promising experimental setup which demonstrated an inversed Stroop-effect (much faster responses for incongruent relative to congruent Stroop trials) following a mismatching tone. In the matching condition, which was an almost exact replication of the original study, participants were required to indicate whether word color and word meaning were matching, whereas in the response conflict condition, instruction was the same as in a classical Stroop task and required the participants to respond to the word color. As in the original study, each trial was preceded by a sine tone which was deviant in pitch in 20% of the trials. Results: The main result was that the Stroop effect was not inversed after deviant tones, neither under the matching task instruction nor under the response conflict task instruction. The Stroop effect was unaffected by the previous "conceptual mismatch." Conclusion: The current study failed to replicate the astonishing concept of "conflict priming" reported in previous work and does not open the doors for a new window on sequences of conflicts. Nevertheless, the failed replication is valuable for future research, since it demonstrated that "Conflict Priming" as a facilitation of processing of conflict trials following deviant tones, is not an confirmed finding.
Project description:A comparative taxonomic study of Halorubrum distributum, Halorubrum terrestre, Halorubrum arcis and Halorubrum litoreum was carried out using different approaches, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), phylogenomic analysis based on the comparison of the core genome, orthologous average nucleotide identity (OrthoANI), Genome-to-Genome Distance Calculator (GGDC), synteny plots and polar lipid profile (PLP). The MLSA study, using the five concatenated housekeeping genes atpB, EF-2, glnA, ppsA and rpoB', and the phylogenomic analysis based on 1347 core translated gene sequences obtained from their genomes showed that Halorubrum distributum JCM 9100T, Halorubrum terrestre JCM 10247T, Halorubrum arcis JCM 13916T and Halorubrum litoreum JCM 13561T formed a robust cluster, clearly separated from the rest of species of the genus Halorubrum. The OrthoANI and digital DDH values, calculated by the GGDC, showed percentages among Hrr. distributum JCM 9100T, Hrr. terrestre JCM 10247T, Hrr. arcis JCM 13916T and Hrr. litoreum JCM 13561T that ranged from 98.1 to 97.5 %, and 84.0 to 78.0 %, respectively, while these values among those strains and the type strains of their most related species of Halorubrum were equal or lower than 90.8 and 41.2 %, respectively. Moreover, degree of synteny across the four genomes was very high, especially between the genomes of Halorubrum litoreum JCM 13561T and Halorubrum arcis JCM 13916T. In addition, the PLP is quite similar among the four strains studied, showing a common pattern typical of the neutrophilic species of the genus Halorubrum. Overall, these data show that Hrr. distributum, Hrr. terrestre, Hrr. arcis and Hrr. litoreum constitute a single species. Thus, the latter three should be considered as later, heterotypic synonyms of Hrr. distributum based on the rules for priority of names. We propose an emended description of Hrr. distributum, including the features of Hrr. terrestre, Hrr. arcis and Hrr. litoreum.
Project description:In patients with primary breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin plus pemetrexed followed by docetaxel (AP-D) is associated with a pathologic complete response (pCR) rate of 16.5%, and doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel (AC-D) is associated with a pCR rate of 20.2%. Our primary objective was to identify single predictive genetic markers for achievement of pCR following either AP-D or AC-D treatment. Our main secondary objective was to detect treatment-group specific, pCR-predictive gene signatures.