Dataset Information

Metabolic changes following a 1-year diet and exercise intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To characterize the relationships among long-term improvements in peripheral insulin sensitivity (glucose disposal rate [GDR]), fasting glucose, and free fatty acids (FFAs) and concomitant changes in weight and adipose tissue mass and distribution induced by lifestyle intervention in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.

Research design and methods

We measured GDR, fasting glucose, and FFAs during a euglycemic clamp and adipose tissue mass and distribution, organ fat, and adipocyte size by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, CT scan, and adipose tissue biopsy in 26 men and 32 women in the Look-AHEAD trial before and after 1 year of diet and exercise aimed at weight loss.

Results

Weight and fasting glucose decreased significantly (P < 0.0001) and significantly more in men than in women (-12 vs. -8% and -16 vs. -7%, respectively; P < 0.05), while FFAs during hyperinsulinemia decreased and GDR increased significantly (P < 0.00001) and similarly in both sexes (-53 vs. -41% and 63 vs. 43%; P = NS). Men achieved a more favorable fat distribution by losing more from upper compared with lower and from deeper compared with superficial adipose tissue depots (P < 0.01). Decreases in weight and adipose tissue mass predicted improvements in GDR but not in fasting glucose or fasting FFAs; however, decreases in FFAs during hyperinsulinemia significantly determined GDR improvements. Hepatic fat was the only regional fat measure whose change contributed independently to changes in metabolic variables.

Conclusions

Patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing a 1-year lifestyle intervention had significant improvements in GDR, fasting glucose, FFAs and adipose tissue distribution. However, changes in overall weight (adipose tissue mass) and hepatic fat were the most important determinants of metabolic improvements.

SUBMITTER: Albu JB

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2828653 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Metabolic changes following a 1-year diet and exercise intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Albu Jeanine B JB Heilbronn Leonie K LK Kelley David E DE Smith Steven R SR Azuma Koichiro K Berk Evan S ES Pi-Sunyer F Xavier FX Ravussin Eric E

Diabetes 20091222 3

<h4>Objective</h4>To characterize the relationships among long-term improvements in peripheral insulin sensitivity (glucose disposal rate [GDR]), fasting glucose, and free fatty acids (FFAs) and concomitant changes in weight and adipose tissue mass and distribution induced by lifestyle intervention in obese individuals with type 2 diabetes.<h4>Research design and methods</h4>We measured GDR, fasting glucose, and FFAs during a euglycemic clamp and adipose tissue mass and distribution, organ fat, ...[more]

PMID: 20028945

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Dataset Information

Metabolic changes following a 1-year diet and exercise intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective

Research design and methods

Results

Conclusions

Publications

Metabolic changes following a 1-year diet and exercise intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes.

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