P-Cresol and cardiovascular risk in mild-to-moderate kidney disease.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objectives

Cardiovascular disease is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease. Traditional risk factors are insufficient to explain the high cardiovascular disease prevalence. Free p-cresol serum concentrations, mainly circulating as its derivative p-cresyl sulfate, are associated with cardiovascular disease in hemodialysis patients. It is not known if p-cresol is associated with cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease not yet on dialysis.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

In a prospective observational study in 499 patients with mild-to-moderate kidney disease, we examined the multivariate association between p-cresol free serum concentrations and cardiovascular events.

Results

After a mean follow-up of 33 mo, 62 pa

SUBMITTER: Meijers BK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2893077 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature