Cation-dependent cleavage of the duplex form of the subtype-B HIV-1 RNA dimerization initiation site.

ABSTRACT: The crystal structure of subtype-B HIV-1 genomic RNA Dimerization Initiation Site duplex revealed chain cleavage at a specific position resulting in 3'-phosphate and 5'-hydroxyl termini. A crystallographic analysis showed that Ba(2+), Mn(2+), Co(2+) and Zn(2+) bind specifically on a guanine base close to the cleaved position. The crystal structures also point to a necessary conformational change to induce an 'in-line' geometry at the cleavage site. In solution, divalent cations increased the rate of cleavage with pH/pKa compensation, indicating that a cation-bound hydroxide anion is responsible for the cleavage. We propose a 'Trojan horse' mechanism, possibly of general interest, wherein a doubly charged cation hosted near the cleavage site as a 'harmless' species is further transformed in

SUBMITTER: Ennifar E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2943608 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature