H2AX post-translational modifications in the ionizing radiation response and homologous recombination.

ABSTRACT: Histone H2AX phosphorylation on a C-terminal serine residue to form "γ-H2AX" is a critical early event in the chromatin response to chromosomal DNA double strand breaks in eukaryotes. In mammalian cells, γ-H2AX is formed when H2AX is phosphorylated on serine 139 by ATM or by other DNA damage response kinases. H2AX prevents genomic instability and tumorigenesis, and supports class-switch recombination at immunoglobulin heavy chain loci in mammals. We showed previously that H2AX controls double strand break repair by homologous recombination (HR) between sister chromatids. The HR functions of H2AX are mediated by interaction of γ-H2AX with the chromatin-associated adaptor protein MDC1. H2AX is potentially subject to additional post-translational modifications associated with the DNA damage r

SUBMITTER: Xie A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC2980696 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature