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Optimal combinations of acute phase proteins for detecting infectious disease in pigs.

ABSTRACT: The acute phase protein (APP) response is an early systemic sign of disease, detected as substantial changes in APP serum concentrations and most disease states involving inflammatory reactions give rise to APP responses. To obtain a detailed picture of the general utility of porcine APPs to detect any disease with an inflammatory component seven porcine APPs were analysed in serum sampled at regular intervals in six different experimental challenge groups of pigs, including three bacterial (Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Streptococcus suis, Mycoplasma hyosynoviae), one parasitic (Toxoplasma gondii) and one viral (porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus) infection and one aseptic inflammation. Immunochemical analyses of seven APPs, four positive (C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp), pig major acute phase protein (pigMAP) and serum amyloid A (SAA)) and three negative (albumin, transthyretin, and apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1)) were performed in the more than 400 serum samples constituting the serum panel. This was followed by advanced statistical treatment of the data using a multi-step procedure which included defining cut-off values and calculating detection probabilities for single APPs and for APP combinations. Combinations of APPs allowed the detection of disease more sensitively than any individual APP and the best three-protein combinations were CRP, apoA1, pigMAP and CRP, apoA1, Hp, respectively, closely followed by the two-protein combinations CRP, pigMAP and apoA1, pigMAP, respectively. For the practical use of such combinations, methodology is described for establishing individual APP threshold values, above which, for any APP in the combination, ongoing infection/inflammation is indicated.

SUBMITTER: Heegaard PM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3072945 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Optimal combinations of acute phase proteins for detecting infectious disease in pigs.

Heegaard Peter M H PM Stockmarr Anders A Piñeiro Matilde M Carpintero Rakel R Lampreave Fermin F Campbell Fiona M FM Eckersall P David PD Toussaint Mathilda J M MJ Gruys Erik E Sorensen Nanna Skall NS

Veterinary research 20110317

The acute phase protein (APP) response is an early systemic sign of disease, detected as substantial changes in APP serum concentrations and most disease states involving inflammatory reactions give rise to APP responses. To obtain a detailed picture of the general utility of porcine APPs to detect any disease with an inflammatory component seven porcine APPs were analysed in serum sampled at regular intervals in six different experimental challenge groups of pigs, including three bacterial (Act ...[more]

PMID: 21414190

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Optimal combinations of acute phase proteins for detecting infectious disease in pigs.

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Optimal combinations of acute phase proteins for detecting infectious disease in pigs.

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