Polydactyly: how many disorders and how many genes? 2010 update.

ABSTRACT: Limb development is clinically and biologically important. Polydactyly is common and caused by aberrant anterior-posterior patterning. Human disorders that include polydactyly are diverse. To facilitate an understanding of the biology of limb development, cataloging the genes that are mutated in patients with polydactyly would be useful. In 2002, I characterized human phenotypes that included polydactyly. Subsequently, many advances have occurred with refinement of clinical entities and identification of numerous genes. Here, I update human polydactyly entities by phenotype and mutated gene. This survey demonstrates phenotypes with overlapping manifestations, genetic heterogeneity, and distinct phenotypes generated from mutations in single genes. Among 310 clinical entities, 80 are associa

SUBMITTER: Biesecker LG 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3088011 | biostudies-literature | 2011 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature