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DCL2 is highly expressed in the egg cell in both rice and Arabidopsis.

ABSTRACT: Small RNAs are riboregulators that play critical roles in eukaryotic cells. They repress gene expression by acting either on DNA to guide sequence elimination and chromatin remodeling, or on RNA to guide cleavage and translation repression. Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa contain four and six DICER-LIKE (DCL) genes with specialized functions in small RNA biogenesis for RNA interference-related processes. We recently profiled genome-wide gene expression in egg and synergid cells in rice. In this article, we show that OsDCL2, OsDCL4, and OsHEN1 are preferentially expressed in the egg cell. In addition, we revealed that AtDCL2 is also preferentially expressed in the Arabidopsis egg cell. These findings suggest that small RNA pathways are activated in the egg cell in both rice and Arabidopsis. The activation of these pathways in the egg cell might be essential for egg cell maturation, fertilization, or embryogenesis.

SUBMITTER: Takanashi H

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3142404 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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DCL2 is highly expressed in the egg cell in both rice and Arabidopsis.

Takanashi Hideki H Ohnishi Takayuki T Mogi Mirai M Hirata Yuto Y Tsutsumi Nobuhiro N

Plant signaling & behavior 20110401 4

Small RNAs are riboregulators that play critical roles in eukaryotic cells. They repress gene expression by acting either on DNA to guide sequence elimination and chromatin remodeling, or on RNA to guide cleavage and translation repression. Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa contain four and six DICER-LIKE (DCL) genes with specialized functions in small RNA biogenesis for RNA interference-related processes. We recently profiled genome-wide gene expression in egg and synergid cells in rice. In ...[more]

PMID: 21673515

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Project description:BackgroundThe male germ line in flowering plants is initiated within developing pollen grains via asymmetric division. The smaller cell then becomes totally encased within a much larger vegetative cell, forming a unique "cell within a cell structure". The generative cell subsequently divides to give rise to two non-motile diminutive sperm cells, which take part in double fertilization and lead to the seed set. Sperm cells are difficult to investigate because of their presence within the confines of the larger vegetative cell. However, recently developed techniques for the isolation of rice sperm cells and the fully annotated rice genome sequence have allowed for the characterization of the transcriptional repertoire of sperm cells. Microarray gene expression data has identified a subset of rice genes that show unique or highly preferential expression in sperm cells. This information has led to the identification of cis-regulatory elements (CREs), which are conserved in sperm-expressed genes and are putatively associated with the control of cell-specific expression.FindingsWe aimed to identify the CREs associated with rice sperm cell-specific gene expression data using in silico prediction tools. We analyzed 1-kb upstream regions of the top 40 sperm cell co-expressed genes for over-represented conserved and novel motifs. Analysis of upstream regions with the SIGNALSCAN program with the PLACE database, MEME and the Mclip tool helped to find combinatorial sets of known transcriptional factor-binding sites along with two novel motifs putatively associated with the co-expression of sperm cell-specific genes.ConclusionsOur data shows the occurrence of novel motifs, which are putative CREs and are likely targets of transcriptional factors regulating sperm cell gene expression. These motifs can be used to design the experimental verification of regulatory elements and the identification of transcriptional factors that regulate sperm cell-specific gene expression.

Project description:As one of the most important staple crops in the world, rice plays a pivotal role in world food security. The creation of doubled haploids based on anther culture is an important technology for rice breeding. However, at present, rice anther culture technology still faces many problems, such as genotype dependency, especially genotypes of indica rice. In this study, fifteen rice genotypes, including twelve japonica rice genotypes and three indica rice genotypes, were randomly selected and used to study anther culture by using a modified M8 medium. The results showed that the total callus induction rates of these different rice genotypes ranged from 0.81 to 13.95%, with an average of 6.64%, while the callus induction rates calculated for the top ten highest callus inductions for each rice genotype ranged from 2.75 to 17.00%, with an average of 10.56%. There were varying gaps between the total callus induction rates and the callus induction rates in these different rice genotypes. The fact that the gaps for some rice genotypes were relatively large indicated that standard tiller or anther collection was not applicable to all rice genotypes and that there was still a lot of room for improvement in the callus induction rate of some rice genotypes through optimization of the sampling method. The plantlet regeneration rates ranged from 12.55 to 456.54%, with an average of 200.10%. Although there were many albinos from anther culture for some rice genotypes, these would still meet the requirement if the rice genotypes had higher callus induction rates or regeneration rates. The percentages of seed setting of regenerated green seedlings ranged from 14% to 84%, with an average of 48.73%. Genetic diversity analysis showed that the genetic background of these different rice genotypes was representative, and the phylogenetic tree and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) divided them into indica and japonica types. Therefore, in this study, an anther culture method suitable for both indica and japonica rice genotypes was established, which could improve doubled haploid breeding in rice.

Dataset Information

DCL2 is highly expressed in the egg cell in both rice and Arabidopsis.

Publications

DCL2 is highly expressed in the egg cell in both rice and Arabidopsis.

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