Interleukin-34 selectively enhances the neuroprotective effects of microglia to attenuate oligomeric amyloid-β neurotoxicity.

ABSTRACT: Microglia, macrophage-like resident immune cells in the brain, possess both neurotoxic and neuroprotective properties and have a critical role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We examined the function of Interleukin-34 (IL-34), a newly discovered cytokine, on microglia because it reportedly induces proliferation of monocytes and macrophages. We observed that the neuronal cells primarily produce IL-34 and that microglia express its receptor, colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor. IL-34 promoted microglial proliferation and clearance of soluble oligomeric amyloid-β (oAβ), which mediates synaptic dysfunction and neuronal damage in AD. IL-34 increased the expression of insulin-degrading enzyme, aiding the clearance of oAβ, and induced the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 in mi

SUBMITTER: Mizuno T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3181379 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature