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TMEM106B a novel risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

ABSTRACT: Recently, the first genome-wide association (GWA) study in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) identified common genetic variability at the TMEM106B gene on chromosome 7p21.3 as a potential important risk-modifying factor for FTLD with pathologic inclusions of TAR DNA-binding protein (FTLD-TDP), the most common pathological subtype in FTLD. To gather additional evidence for the implication of TMEM106B in FTLD risk, multiple replication studies in geographically distinct populations were set up. In this review, we revise all recent replication and follow-up studies of the FTLD-TDP GWA study and summarize the growing body of evidence that establish TMEM106B as a bona fide risk factor for FTLD. With the TMEM106B gene, a new player has been identified in the pathogenic cascade of FTLD which could hold important implications for the future development of disease-modifying therapies.

SUBMITTER: van der Zee J

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3207134 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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TMEM106B a novel risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

van der Zee Julie J Van Broeckhoven Christine C

Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN 20110526 3

Recently, the first genome-wide association (GWA) study in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) identified common genetic variability at the TMEM106B gene on chromosome 7p21.3 as a potential important risk-modifying factor for FTLD with pathologic inclusions of TAR DNA-binding protein (FTLD-TDP), the most common pathological subtype in FTLD. To gather additional evidence for the implication of TMEM106B in FTLD risk, multiple replication studies in geographically distinct populations were set ...[more]

PMID: 21614538

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Project description:BackgroundFrontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is the second most common cause of dementia in individuals under 65 years old and manifests as alterations in behavior, personality, or language secondary to degeneration of the frontal and/or temporal lobes. FTLD-TDP, the largest neuropathological subset of FTLD, is characterized by hyperphosphorylated, ubiquitinated TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) inclusions. Mutations in progranulin (GRN), a neuroprotective growth factor, are one of the most common Mendelian genetic causes of FTLD-TDP. Moreover, a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified multiple SNPs within the uncharacterized gene TMEM106B that significantly associated with FTLD-TDP, suggesting that TMEM106B genotype confers risk for FTLD-TDP. Indeed, TMEM106B expression levels, which correlate with TMEM106B genotype, may play a role in the pathogenesis of disease.ResultsSince little is known about TMEM106B and its expression in human brain, we performed immunohistochemical studies of TMEM106B in postmortem human brain samples from normal individuals, FTLD-TDP individuals with and without GRN mutations, and individuals with other neurodegenerative diseases. We find that TMEM106B protein is cytoplasmically expressed in both histopathologically affected and unaffected areas of the brain by neurons, glia, and endothelial cells/pericytes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that TMEM106B expression may differ among neuronal subtypes. Finally, we show that TMEM106B neuronal expression is significantly more disorganized in FTLD-TDP cases with GRN mutations, compared to normal and disease controls, including FTLD-TDP cases without GRN mutations.ConclusionsOur data provide an initial neuropathological characterization of the newly discovered FTLD-TDP-associated protein TMEM106B. In addition, we demonstrate that FTLD-TDP cases with GRN mutations exhibit a loss of neuronal TMEM106B subcellular localization, adding to evidence that TMEM106B and progranulin may be pathophysiologically linked in FTLD-TDP.

Dataset Information

TMEM106B a novel risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

Publications

TMEM106B a novel risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

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