A longitudinal twin study on the association between ADHD symptoms and reading.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and reading disability commonly co-occur because of shared genetic risk factors. However, the stability and change of these genetic influences and the predictive relationships underlying this association longitudinally remain unclear.

Methods

ADHD symptoms and reading were assessed as continuous dimensions in a UK general population sample of approximately 7,000 twin pairs. Parent ratings of ADHD symptoms and teacher ratings of reading were obtained at two ages: middle childhood (ages 7-8 years) and early adolescence (ages 11-12 years). Cross-lagged quantitative genetic analyses were applied.

Results

ADHD symptoms and reading significantly predicted each other over time. However, ADHD symptoms were a significa

SUBMITTER: Greven CU 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3263324 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature