Titanium dioxide induces apoptotic cell death through reactive oxygen species-mediated Fas upregulation and Bax activation.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) has been widely used in many areas, including biomedicine, cosmetics, and environmental engineering. Recently, it has become evident that some TiO(2) particles have a considerable cytotoxic effect in normal human cells. However, the molecular basis for the cytotoxicity of TiO(2) has yet to be defined.

Methods and results

In this study, we demonstrated that combined treatment with TiO(2) nanoparticles sized less than 100 nm and ultraviolet A irradiation induces apoptotic cell death through reactive oxygen species-dependent upregulation of Fas and conformational activation of Bax in normal human cells. Treatment with P25 TiO(2) nanoparticles with a hydrodynamic size distribution centered around 70 nm (TiO(2) (P25-70)) together with ultravio

SUBMITTER: Yoo KC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3298386 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature