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Efficacy and safety of nanohybrids comprising silver nanoparticles and silicate clay for controlling Salmonella infection.

ABSTRACT: Developing effective and safe drugs is imperative for replacing antibiotics and controlling multidrug-resistant microbes. Nanoscale silicate platelet (NSP) and its nanohybrid, silver nanoparticle/NSP (AgNP/NSP), have been developed, and the nanohybrids show a strong and general antibacterial activity in vitro. Here, their efficacy for protecting Salmonella-infected chicks from fatality and septicemia was evaluated. Both orally administrated NSP and AgNP/NSP, but not AgNPs alone, effectively reduced the systemic Salmonella infection and mortality. In addition, quantitative Ag analyses demonstrated that Ag deposition from AgNP/NSP in the intestines was less than that from conventional AgNPs, indicating that the presence of NSP for immobilizing AgNPs reduced Ag accumulation in tissue and improved the safety of AgNPs. These in vivo results illustrated that both NSP and AgNP/NSP nanohybrid represent potential agents for controlling enteric bacterial infections.

SUBMITTER: Chiao SH

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3363949 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Efficacy and safety of nanohybrids comprising silver nanoparticles and silicate clay for controlling Salmonella infection.

Chiao Shu-Her SH Lin Siou-Hong SH Shen Ching-I CI Liao Jiunn-Wang JW Bau I-Jiuan IJ Wei Jiun-Chiou JC Tseng Li-Ping LP Hsu Shan-hui SH Lai Ping-Shan PS Lin Shinn-Zong SZ Lin Jiang-Jen JJ Su Hong-Lin HL

International journal of nanomedicine 20120514

Developing effective and safe drugs is imperative for replacing antibiotics and controlling multidrug-resistant microbes. Nanoscale silicate platelet (NSP) and its nanohybrid, silver nanoparticle/NSP (AgNP/NSP), have been developed, and the nanohybrids show a strong and general antibacterial activity in vitro. Here, their efficacy for protecting Salmonella-infected chicks from fatality and septicemia was evaluated. Both orally administrated NSP and AgNP/NSP, but not AgNPs alone, effectively redu ...[more]

PMID: 22654516

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Project description:Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely studied for their broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects, and can be utilised readily in biomaterials, however the cellular safety of specific AgNP formulations should be profiled prior to clinical usage. This study determined the cytotoxic effect of small sized (6 nm) alpha lipoic acid capped-AgNPs on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF), as compared to ionic silver and clinical antiseptics. The metabolic pathway was investigated to determine the cellular effects on HGF cells. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) was established for a range of oral related bacteria. Results showed that cell viability decreased with increasing AgNP concentration, whereas lower concentrations of AgNPs, (≤5 μg ml-1) caused a significant increase in cell proliferation at 24 and 72 hour time points. The cytotoxicity profile of AgNPs exhibited significantly lower concentrations, relative to the dose of clinical efficacy, when compared to clinical antiseptics. Caspase 3/7 was not significantly altered when HGF cells were treated with 0.225 μg ml-1 AgNPs, indicating cell necrosis rather than apoptosis. Quantitative RT2-PCR detected an upregulation of genes associated with oxidative stress and the G2M cell cycle checkpoint at ≤4 hours, but expression levels returned to levels consistent with control cells at 24-96 hours. An MIC range of 2.5-12.5 μg ml-1 (min. Escherichia coli, Streptococcus mutans, S. mitis; max. Staphylococcus aureus) was determined across the bacterial species tested and an MBC range of 5-100 μg ml-1 (min. E. coli, max. S. mutans). The antimicrobial profile was similar to that of AgNO3 which suggested that the antimicrobial effect may be influenced by free Ag+ release. It was concluded that alpha lipoic acid capped AgNPs possess limited cytotoxic activity to HGF cells when compared to clinically utilised oral antiseptics, observed via the cellular recovery after initial AgNP treatment and a lack of cumulative cytotoxic effect, whilst maintaining a broad range antimicrobial effect of the AgNPs.

Dataset Information

Efficacy and safety of nanohybrids comprising silver nanoparticles and silicate clay for controlling Salmonella infection.

Publications

Efficacy and safety of nanohybrids comprising silver nanoparticles and silicate clay for controlling Salmonella infection.

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