Three-dimensional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of melanocytoma of the optic nerve head.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Saxena S
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3372609 | biostudies-literature | 2010 Sep
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
Three-dimensional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography of melanocytoma of the optic nerve head.
Saxena Sandeep S Sharma Bhumika B Bhasker Shashi K SK
Journal of ocular biology, diseases, and informatics 20100901 3
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Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC3389557 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo determine feasibility of optic nerve head (ONH) imaging and to characterize ONH development in full-term infants without sedation using handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).DesignProspective cross-sectional study.ParticipantsThree hundred fifty-two children aged between 1 day and 13 years.MethodsAll participants were imaged using handheld SD OCT without sedation during a single scan session. The percentage of successful scans was calculated. Interexaminer reproducibility and differences between right and left eyes were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Images were analyzed using ImageJ software. The developmental trajectories over time for ONH parameters were calculated using fractional polynomial modelling.Main outcome measuresDisc and cup diameter (expressed as distance in micrometers and visual angle in degrees), cup depth, Bruch's membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW), retinal thickness, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL; 1700 μm and 6° from the disc center).ResultsOn average, 70% of participants were imaged successfully. Interexaminer reliability was excellent (ICC, >0.89) for diametric and retinal thickness parameters. Right and left eyes were similar for diametric measurements (ICC, >0.79), but more variable for nasal BMO-MRW, RNFL, and retinal thickness. The mean disc and cup diameter increase by 30% and 40%, respectively, between birth and 13 years of age when expressed as a distance measure, but remained constant (at 5°-5.5° and 2°, respectively) when expressed as a visual angle with reference to the eye nodal point. The peripapillary temporal RNFL demonstrated a marked initial decrease of nearly 35% between birth and approximately 18 months of age. This was followed by a slow increase up to 12 years of age when measured at 1700 μm from the disc center, although there was little change when measured at 6° from the disc center.ConclusionsWe demonstrated feasibility of handheld SD OCT imaging of the ONH in full-term infants and children without anaesthesia or sedation. This is the first in vivo handheld SD OCT study to describe the development of ONH parameters during the critical early years of visual maturation. Our results provide a normative database for use in routine practice and further studies of ONH pathologic features.
| S-EPMC5036922 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo evaluate repeatability and positional independence of optic nerve head (ONH) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements in sitting and supine body positions using portable spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (iVue SD-OCT; Optovue Inc).DesignEvaluation of diagnostic technology.MethodsSixty eyes of 30 subjects (10 healthy younger adults aged 20-27 years, 10 healthy older adults aged 50-66 years, and 10 glaucoma patients aged 38-82 years) were included prospectively. For each participant, all measurements were taken in a single session. After 5 minutes in the supine position, 5 scans were obtained from both eyes. Following a 5-minute sitting adaptation, 5 scans were then obtained in the sitting position. The same instrument was used for all measurements. Repeatability and correlation between supine and sitting measurements of 4 ONH and 3 RNFL parameters were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), concordance correlation coefficients (ρ), and Bland-Altman plots.ResultsMeasurements were highly repeatable within individual eyes, both for ONH (ICC range, 73%-99%) and RNFL (ICC range, 72%-99%) parameters. The correlation between supine and sitting ONH measurements was strong and ranged from ρ = 97%-99% (younger healthy) to ρ = 98%-99% (older healthy) and ρ = 84%-99% (glaucoma). Bland-Altman plots indicated good agreement between sitting and supine readings of ONH and RNFL parameters.ConclusionsRepeatability of measurements of ONH and RNFL is high and measurements between sitting and supine are highly correlated. The ability of the iVue SD-OCT to evaluate ONH and RNFL parameters is good to excellent in both body positions.
| S-EPMC3806882 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo determine whether acutely elevated IOP alters optic nerve head (ONH) structural parameters characterized in vivo using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).MethodsFive rhesus macaques were tested under isoflurane anesthesia. SD-OCT images of the ONH of both eyes were acquired 30 minutes after IOP was stabilized to 10 mm Hg and 60 minutes after stabilization to 45 mm Hg. The internal limiting membrane, Bruch's membrane/retinal pigment epithelium, neural canal opening (NCO), and anterior lamina cribrosa surface (ALCS) were delineated using custom software. Differences in SD-OCT structural parameters between the two IOP levels were assessed using generalized estimating equations. In six eyes of three animals, images were acquired after 10 minutes and 30 minutes of IOP stabilization to 10 mm Hg (control experiment).ResultsAcute IOP elevation resulted in a reduction in prelaminar tissue thickness (mean, -47 μm; SD, 25 μm; P = 0.002), rim volume (-0.05 mm(3), 0.02 mm(3); P = 0.002), rim width (-30 μm, 7 μm; P = 0.002), and in an increase in NCO depth (38 μm, 15 μm; P = 0.002). An increase in ALCS depth was significant relative to peripheral Bruch's membrane (48 μm, 24 μm; P = 0.002) but not relative to the NCO. No significant parameter changes were detected in the control eyes.ConclusionsSurface compliance changes in the normal monkey ONH primarily reflect prelaminar and peripapillary deformation. SD-OCT compliance testing will further our understanding of the effects of IOP on the ONH and help improve and validate numerical models of ONH biomechanics.
| S-EPMC3293414 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeThe aim of this study was to demonstrate the fine laminar structure of the optic nerve head (ONH), in vivo, using a broad wavelength, ultra-high resolution, and optically coherent tomography (OCT) system.MethodsThis high-resolution OCT system, based on a 200 nm bandwidth spectrometer and an 8 femtosecond ultra-short, mode-locked, coherent laser light source, enabled in vivo cross-sectional ONH imaging with 2.0 μm axial resolution. A total of 300 optic disc B-scans, which consisted of 300 × 2048 pixels, were obtained in 10 μm steps. Three-dimensional images were rendered from these images to obtain n face images of the optic disc. Fundus photography, scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO), and standard OCT were also performed for all subjects.ResultsThirty-six eyes of normal subjects and ten eyes of glaucoma patients with mean age of 40.0 ± 10.0 years were enrolled in this study. Sequential en face images, from the ONH surface to deeper layers, were reconstructed in 2.0 μm steps. Observation of the images indicated variations in the shape and arrangement of the lamina pores at different depths. Clear lamina pores were identified by this technique in 44 eyes, compared with the fundus camera (identified in six eyes), SLO (identified in 14 eyes), and standard OCT (identified in 24 eyes) (all comparisons, p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe fine structure of the ONH could be resolved in vivo using our OCT, providing improved imaging that can be used in research and clinical applications for a better characterization of the anatomical and pathological features associated with glaucoma.
| S-EPMC4312390 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundMice are an emerging model for experimental myopia. Due to their small eye size, non-invasive optical coherence tomography is essential for evaluating ocular biometrics. There is currently no universally accepted protocol for those measurements. This study aims to compare ocular biometric measurements using two methods: Purkinje image-based alignment and optic nerve head alignment, utilizing spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Gaining an understanding of the implications of these methods in determining axial elongation in the normal growing eyes of wild-type C57BL/6J mice would offer valuable insight into their relevance for the experimental myopia model.MethodsOcular dimensions and refractive development were measured on postnatal days P21 (n = 10), P28 (n = 15), and P35 (n = 8). The Purkinje image-based alignment (P1) was determined using a photorefractor and aligned perpendicular to the corneal apex using SD-OCT. In comparison, due to the absence of a fovea in the mouse retina, the optic nerve head (ONH) alignment was used. Variance analysis, regression analysis, and Bland-Altman analysis were performed to compare the differences between alignment methods as well as the replication by another operator.ResultsMice developed hyperopic ametropia under normal visual conditions. The photorefractor measured a technical variation of 3.9 D (95% CI, n = 170, triplicates). Bland-Altman analysis revealed a shorter (mean ± SD) axial length (- 26.4 ± 18.1 μm) and vitreous chamber depth (- 39.9 ± 25.4 μm) in the Purkinje image-based alignment. There was a significant difference in the relative growth trend in VCD (linear regression, p = 0.02), which was relatively stable and showed shortening when measured with ONH alignment from postnatal age 21 to 35 days.ConclusionsSD-OCT allowed precise in-vivo measurement and segmentation of ocular dimensions, regardless of the methods adopted. P1 alignment consistently resulted in significantly shorter VCD and AL compared to ONH alignment at most time points. When considering temporal changes from P21 to P35, both methods showed similar results, with significant elongation of ACD, LT, and AL as expected. However, our findings revealed a significant shortening of VCD over time with the adoption of ONH alignment, while the change in P1 alignment was relatively stable. Therefore, AL provides a better measure for evaluating ocular growth in mice using optical coherence tomography than VCD for myopia research.
| S-EPMC11789383 | biostudies-literature
Project description:PurposeTo evaluate effects of prematurity on early optic nerve (ON) development and the usefulness of ON parameters as indicators of central nervous system (CNS) development and pathology.DesignProspective, cross-sectional, longitudinal study.ParticipantsForty-four preterm infants undergoing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening and 52 term infants.MethodsWe analyzed ON from portable handheld spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images (Bioptigen, Inc, Research Triangle Park, NC) of 44 preterm and 52 term infants. The highest-quality ON scan from either eye was selected for quantitative analysis. Longitudinal analysis was performed at 31-36 weeks and 37-42 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Preterm ON parameters also were assessed for correlation with indicators of cognitive, language, and motor development and CNS pathology.Main outcome measuresVertical cup diameter (vCD), vertical disc diameter (vDD), vertical cup-to-disc ratio (vCDR), cup depth, and indicators of neurocognitive development and CNS pathology.ResultsAt 37-42 weeks PMA, preterm infants had larger vCD and vCDR than term infants (908 vs. 700 μm [P<0.001] and 0.68 vs. 0.53 μm [P<0.001], respectively), whereas cup depth and vDD were not significantly different. Longitudinal changes (n = 26 preterm eyes; mean interval, 4.7 weeks) in vDD and in vCDR were an increase of 74 μm (P = 0.008) and decrease of 0.05 (P = 0.015), respectively. In preterm infants (n = 44), periventricular leukomalacia was associated with larger vCD (1084 vs. 828 μm; P = 0.005) and vCDR (0.85 vs. 0.63; P<0.001), posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus was associated with shallower cup (331 vs. 456 μm; P = 0.030), and clinical magnetic resonance imaging was associated with larger vCDR (0.73 vs. 0.64; P = 0.023). In 23 preterm infants with Bayley Scales of Infant Development scores, larger vCDR was associated with lower cognitive scores (P = 0.049).ConclusionsThis is the first analysis of ON parameters in premature infants using SD-OCT. It demonstrated that by age of term birth, vCD and vCDR are larger in preterm infants who were screened for ROP than in term infants. In this prospective pilot study, ON parameters in these preterm infants associate weakly with CNS pathology and future cognitive development. Future prospective studies with larger numbers are necessary before further conclusions can be made.
| S-EPMC4145027 | biostudies-literature
Project description: Not available
| S-EPMC3389554 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We present the three-dimensional (3D) spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of schisis-like maculopathy associated with structural changes of the optic nerve (ON) head as well as the treatment outcomes of a case of advanced glaucoma. In addition to ophthalmological examination, B-scan and 3D-SD-OCT images of the ON head, peripapillary retina, and the macula were obtained. The B-scan images only detected typical retinoschisis findings. However, the 3D-SD-OCT images of the ON head revealed defects of various sizes, shapes, and depths at the outer wall of the prelaminar and laminar regions of the ON canal. The 3D images were able to establish that these defects were both adjacent to and interconnected with the retinal layers. The patient successfully received 3D-SD-OCT-guided thermal laser treatment that is used in congenital optic disc pits complicated with macular schisis. In brief, 3D-SD-OCT is very useful for demonstrating the ON head defects that can lead to schisis-like maculopathy in cases of advanced glaucoma.
| S-EPMC5384119 | biostudies-other
Project description:Three-dimensional spectral domain optical coherence tomography was performed in a 26-year-old man with chronic exposure to welding arc. Advanced macular visualisation provided significant findings of inner segment-ellipsoid zone disruption with the presence of cystoid changes and hyper-reflective material in the area of disruption. The external limiting membrane was intact in both the eyes. C-scan retinal pigment epithelium fit map of the left eye revealed a well-delineated defect whereas the right eye showed a poorly delineated smaller defect. The hyper-reflective material can be hypothesised to originate from the disrupted photoreceptor layer. The hyper-reflective material was more evident in the left eye which could be correlated with more marked diminution of vision and a prominent yellow lesion at the fovea.
| S-EPMC4025256 | biostudies-other