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RNA-Seq of early-infected poplar leaves by the rust pathogen Melampsora larici-populina uncovers PtSultr3;5, a fungal-induced host sulfate transporter.

ABSTRACT: Biotroph pathogens establish intimate interactions with their hosts that are conditioned by the successful secretion of effectors in infected tissues and subsequent manipulation of host physiology. The identification of early-expressed pathogen effectors and early-modulated host functions is currently a major goal to understand the molecular basis of biotrophy. Here, we report the 454-pyrosequencing transcriptome analysis of early stages of poplar leaf colonization by the rust fungus Melampsora larici-populina. Among the 841,301 reads considered for analysis, 616,879 and 649 were successfully mapped to Populus trichocarpa and M. larici-populina genome sequences, respectively. From a methodological aspect, these results indicate that this single approach is not appropriate to saturate poplar transcriptome and to follow transcript accumulation of the pathogen. We identified 19 pathogen transcripts encoding early-expressed small-secreted proteins representing candidate effectors of interest for forthcoming studies. Poplar RNA-Seq data were validated by oligoarrays and quantitatively analysed, which revealed a highly stable transcriptome with a single transcript encoding a sulfate transporter (herein named PtSultr3;5, POPTR_0006s16150) showing a dramatic increase upon colonization by either virulent or avirulent M. larici-populina strains. Perspectives connecting host sulfate transport and biotrophic lifestyle are discussed.

SUBMITTER: Petre B

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3431362 | biostudies-literature | 2012

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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RNA-Seq of early-infected poplar leaves by the rust pathogen Melampsora larici-populina uncovers PtSultr3;5, a fungal-induced host sulfate transporter.

Petre Benjamin B Morin Emmanuelle E Tisserant Emilie E Hacquard Stéphane S Da Silva Corinne C Poulain Julie J Delaruelle Christine C Martin Francis F Rouhier Nicolas N Kohler Annegret A Duplessis Sébastien S

PloS one 20120830 8

Biotroph pathogens establish intimate interactions with their hosts that are conditioned by the successful secretion of effectors in infected tissues and subsequent manipulation of host physiology. The identification of early-expressed pathogen effectors and early-modulated host functions is currently a major goal to understand the molecular basis of biotrophy. Here, we report the 454-pyrosequencing transcriptome analysis of early stages of poplar leaf colonization by the rust fungus Melampsora ...[more]

PMID: 22952974

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Project description:BackgroundRust caused by Melampsora larici-populina is one of the most damaging diseases of poplars. Rust is considered to be a model pathogen for genetic studies because both pathogen and host genomes are available. The poplar 'Robusta', whose general rust resistance is defeated by virulent rust E4, provides suitable host material for studies of the gene regulation involved in rust resistance/susceptibility. In this study, we investigated the microRNA-mediated susceptible poplar gene expression regulation associated with the infection of virulent rust. We were particularly interested in delineating the host-pathogen interactions with a specific focus on microRNAs (miRNAs).ResultsTo study the susceptibility of poplar to M. larici-populina, small RNA (sRNA) libraries, a degradome cDNA library and digital gene expression libraries were constructed for rust-inoculated and rust-free susceptible poplar 'Robusta' leaves through high-throughput sequencing. Altogether, 12,722 regulating interactions were identified. The results delineated the framework of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in the susceptible poplar, which was infected by the virulent rust. The results indicated that pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and PAMP-triggered immunity were induced by the infection of virulent rust E4 and that miRNAs still functioned at this stage. After this stage, miRNA-regulated R genes, such as TIR-NBS-LRR and CC-NBS-LRR, were not fully functional. Additionally, the rust-responsive miRNAs did not regulate the signaling component genes related to the salicylic acid pathway or the hypersensitive response.ConclusionsWe found that the defense-related post-transcriptional regulation of the susceptible poplar 'Robusta' functions normally only at the stage of PAMPs and PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). More importantly, the miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation of defense signal pathway genes were inactivated by the infection of virulent rust at the stage of effector-triggered susceptibility and during the following stages of salicylic acid and hypersensitive responses. This inactivation was the major characteristic of 'Robusta' susceptibility.

Dataset Information

RNA-Seq of early-infected poplar leaves by the rust pathogen Melampsora larici-populina uncovers PtSultr3;5, a fungal-induced host sulfate transporter.

Publications

RNA-Seq of early-infected poplar leaves by the rust pathogen Melampsora larici-populina uncovers PtSultr3;5, a fungal-induced host sulfate transporter.

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