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Demographic shift of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during and after pandemic, rural India.

ABSTRACT: Population-based active surveillance in India showed higher incidence rates for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 among children during pandemic versus postpandemic periods (345 vs. 199/1,000 person-years), whereas adults had higher rates during postpandemic versus pandemic periods (131 vs. 69/1,000 person-years). Demographic shifts as pandemics evolve should be considered in public health response planning.

SUBMITTER: Broor S

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3437708 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Demographic shift of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during and after pandemic, rural India.

Broor Shobha S Sullender Wayne W Fowler Karen K Gupta Vivek V Gupta Vivek V Widdowson Marc-Alain MA Krishnan Anand A Lal Renu B RB

Emerging infectious diseases 20120901 9

Population-based active surveillance in India showed higher incidence rates for influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 among children during pandemic versus postpandemic periods (345 vs. 199/1,000 person-years), whereas adults had higher rates during postpandemic versus pandemic periods (131 vs. 69/1,000 person-years). Demographic shifts as pandemics evolve should be considered in public health response planning. ...[more]

PMID: 22932477

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Incidence of symptomatic A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods in a rural Indian community.

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| S-EPMC5733120 | biostudies-literature

Pandemic H1N1 influenza.

Project description:The 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus that has targeted not only those with chronic medical illness, the very young and old, but also a large segment of the patient population that has previously been afforded relative protection - those who are young, generally healthy, and immune naive. The illness is mild in most, but results in hospitalization and severe ARDS in an important minority. Among those who become critically ill, 20-40% will die, predominantly of severe hypoxic respiratory failure. However, and potentially in part due to the young age of those affected, intensive care with aggressive oxygenation support will allow most people to recover. The volume of patients infected and with critical illness placed substantial strain on the capacity of the health care system and critical care most specifically. Despite this, the 2009 pandemic has engaged our specialty and highlighted its importance like no other. Thus far, the national and global critical care response has been brisk, collaborative and helpful - not only for this pandemic, but for subsequent challenges in years ahead.

| S-EPMC3256529 | biostudies-other

Lessons learned from influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic response in Thailand.

Project description:In 2009, Thailand experienced rapid spread of the pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. The national response came under intense public scrutiny as the number of confirmed cases and associated deaths increased. Thus, during July-December 2009, the Ministry of Public Health and the World Health Organization jointly reviewed the response efforts. The review found that the actions taken were largely appropriate and proportionate to need. However, areas needing improvement were surveillance, laboratory capacity, hospital infection control and surge capacity, coordination and monitoring of guidelines for clinical management and nonpharmaceutical interventions, risk communications, and addressing vulnerabilities of non-Thai displaced and migrant populations. The experience in Thailand may be applicable to other countries and settings, and the lessons learned may help strengthen responses to other pandemics or comparable prolonged public health emergencies.

| S-EPMC3376790 | biostudies-literature

Delayed emergence of oseltamivir-resistant seasonal influenza A (H1N1) and pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses in Myanmar.

Project description:The prevalence and timing of emergence of oseltamivir-resistant seasonal and pandemic influenza A (H1N1) viruses in Myanmar in 2008 and 2009 are described in this report. In 2008, the oseltamivir-resistant seasonal H1N1 virus was detected at a lower rate (6%) and emerged at least 2 months later when compared with neighboring countries. Similarly, the prevalence of pandemic H1N1 virus was low (3%) and the timing of emergence was late (August 2009) in Myanmar. Interestingly, we detected three isolates that were resistant to both amantadine and oseltamivir. Limited movement of people into the country is attributed to the delayed emergence of drug-resistant seasonal and pandemic A(H1N1) viruses.

| S-EPMC5781210 | biostudies-literature

Population Responses during the Pandemic Phase of the Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Epidemic, Hong Kong, China.

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| S-EPMC5403031 | biostudies-literature

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Project description:We report here the whole-genome sequence of six clinical isolates of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, isolated from Kerala, India. Amino acid analysis of all gene segments from the A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates obtained in 2014 and 2015 identified several new mutations compared to the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic strain.

| S-EPMC5511911 | biostudies-literature

Genetic Characterization of Circulating 2015 A(H1N1)pdm09 Influenza Viruses from Eastern India.

Project description:In 2015, the swine derived A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic strain outbreak became widespread throughout the different states of India. The reported cases and deaths in 2015 surpassed the previous years with more than 39000 laboratory confirmed cases and a death toll of more than 2500 people. There are relatively limited complete genetic sequences available for this virus from Asian countries. In this study, we describe the full genome analysis of influenza 2015 A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses isolated from West Bengal between January through December 2015. The phylogenetic analysis of the haemagglutinin sequence revealed clustering with globally circulating strains of genogroup 6B. This was further confirmed by the constructed concatenated tree using all eight complete gene segments of Kolkata A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates with the other strains from different timeline and lineages. A study from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 2015 reported novel mutations T200A and D225N in haemagglutinin gene of a 2014 Indian strain (A/India/6427/2014). However, in all the pandemic strains of 2014-2015 reported from India, so far including A(H1N1)pdm09 strains from Kolkata, D225N mutation was not observed, though the T200A mutation was found to be conserved. Neuraminidase gene of the analyzed strains did not show any oseltamivir resistant mutation H275Y suggesting continuation of Tamiflu® as drug of choice. The amino acid sequences of the all gene segments from 2015 A(H1N1)pdm09 isolates identified several new mutations compared to the 2009 A(H1N1)pdm09 strains, which may have contributed towards enhanced virulence, compared to 2009 A(H1N1)pdm09 strains.

| S-EPMC5172622 | biostudies-literature

Household transmission of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in the pandemic and post-pandemic seasons.

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| S-EPMC4177918 | biostudies-literature

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| S-EPMC4634269 | biostudies-other

Rapid research response to the 2009 A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza pandemic (Revised).

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| S-EPMC3651415 | biostudies-literature

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