The influence of gene-environment interactions on the development of alcoholism and drug dependence.

ABSTRACT: Alcoholism and drug dependence are common psychiatric disorders with a heritability of about 50%; therefore genetic and environmental influences are equally important. Early-life stress is a predictor of adolescent problem drinking/drug use and alcohol/drug dependence in adulthood, but moderating factors governing the availability of alcohol/drug are important. The risk-resilience balance for addiction may be due in part to the interaction between genetic variation and environment stressors (G × E); this has been confirmed by twin studies of inferred genetic risk. Measured genotype studies to detect G × E effects have used a range of alcohol consumption and diagnostic phenotypes and stressors ranging from early-life to adulthood past year life events. In this article, the current state of

SUBMITTER: Enoch MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3470472 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature