Systematic review with meta-analysis of the epidemiological evidence in the 1900s relating smoking to lung cancer.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Smoking is a known lung cancer cause, but no detailed quantitative systematic review exists. We summarize evidence for various indices.

Methods

Papers published before 2000 describing epidemiological studies involving 100+ lung cancer cases were obtained from Medline and other sources. Studies were classified as principal, or subsidiary where cases overlapped with principal studies. Data were extracted on design, exposures, histological types and confounder adjustment. RRs/ORs and 95% CIs were extracted for ever, current and ex smoking of cigarettes, pipes and cigars and indices of cigarette type and dose-response. Meta-analyses and meta-regressions investigated how relationships varied by study and RR characteristics, mainly for outcomes exactly or closely equiva

SUBMITTER: Lee PN 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3505152 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature