First report of blaNDM-1 in Raoultella ornithinolytica.
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ABSTRACT:
SUBMITTER: Khajuria A
PROVIDER: S-EPMC3553683 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Feb
REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature
Publications
First report of blaNDM-1 in Raoultella ornithinolytica.
Khajuria Atul A Praharaj Ashok Kumar AK Grover Naveen N Kumar Mahadevan M
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy 20121119 2
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Project description:BackgroundEmphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare and severe urinary tract infection that is potentially life-threatening and easily progresses to septic shock. In this report, we present a unique case of emphysematous pyelonephritis caused by Raoultella ornithinolytica.Case presentationAn 86-year-old man presented with severe back pain of 3 days' duration. He had a history of hypertension and diabetes for more than 20 years, and his infection indicators and serum creatinine were elevated. Abdominal computed tomography revealed an abnormal gas shadow around his right kidney and the anterior edge of his right psoas muscle. Consequently, he was initially diagnosed with emphysematous pyelonephritis. There was no evidence of nephrolithiasis or other anatomical or structural abnormalities that could have precipitated this focal renal infection. Both blood and drainage fluid cultures revealed R. ornithinolytica. After early anti-infection treatment, percutaneous drainage and moderate control of blood glucose, the patient gradually recovered.ConclusionsEmphysematous pyelonephritis caused by R. ornithinolytica is rare but has a high drug resistance rate potentially and may cause severe infections. Early diagnosis, prompt use of antibiotics that are sensitive to the organism, and decompression drainage could be the key to treatment.
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Project description:Sepsis is a frequent life-threatening condition in young calves, requiring rapid broad spectrum and bactericidal therapy to maximize survival chances. Few studies have identified and characterized bacteria involved in sepsis in calves. This report demonstrates the involvement of a multidrug resistant Raoultella ornithinolytica, an emerging pathogen in human medicine, in a calf with suspected sepsis. R. ornithinolytica was identified by MALDI-TOF MS from blood cultures of a critically ill calf. Susceptibility testing showed phenotypic resistance against ampicillin, gentamicin, potentiated sulphonamides, streptomycin, tetracyclines and intermediate susceptibility for enrofloxacin. Whole genome sequencing confirmed identification as R. ornithinolytica and the multidrug resistant character of the isolate. Antimicrobial resistance genes acting against aminoglycosides, beta-lactam antibiotics, fosfomycin, quinolones, sulphonamides, trimethoprim and tetracyclines were found. The calf recovered after empirical parenteral therapy with enrofloxacin and sodium penicillin for seven days. Ancillary therapy consisted of fluid therapy, ketoprofen and doxapram hydrochloride. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report characterizing a multidrug resistant R. ornithinolytica isolate from blood culture in cattle. It is currently unknown whether animals and farms may act as reservoirs for multidrug resistant R. ornithinolytica strains.
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Project description:Histamine fish poisoning is caused by histamine-producing bacteria (HPB). Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella oxytoca are the best-known HPB in fish. However, 22 strains of HPB from fish first identified as K. pneumoniae or K. oxytoca by commercialized systems were later correctly identified as Raoultella planticola (formerly Klebsiella planticola) by additional tests. Similarly, five strains of Raoultella ornithinolytica (formerly Klebsiella ornithinolytica) were isolated from fish as new HPB. R. planticola and R. ornithinolytica strains were equal in their histamine-producing capabilities and were determined to possess the hdc genes, encoding histidine decarboxylase. On the other hand, a collection of 61 strains of K. pneumoniae and 18 strains of K. oxytoca produced no histamine.
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Project description:Enterobacterial strains of Raoultella spp. display a penicillinase-related beta-lactam resistance pattern suggesting the presence of a chromosomal bla gene. From whole-cell DNA of Raoultella planticola strain ATCC 33531(T) and Raoultella ornithinolytica strain ATCC 31898(T), bla genes were cloned and expressed into Escherichia coli. Each gene encoded an Ambler class A beta-lactamase, named PLA-1 and ORN-1 for R. planticola and R. ornithinolytica, respectively. These beta-lactamases (291 amino acids), with the same pI value of 7.8, had a shared amino acid identity of 94%, 37 to 47% identity with the majority of the chromosome-encoded class A beta-lactamases previously described for Enterobacteriaceae, and 66 to 69% identity with the two beta-lactamases LEN-1 and SHV-1 from Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, the highest identity percentage (69 to 71%) was found with the plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase TEM-1. PLA-1, which displayed very strong hydrolytic activity against penicillins, also displayed significant hydrolytic activity against cefepime and, to a lesser extent, against cefotaxime and aztreonam, but there was no hydrolytic activity against ceftazidime. Such a substrate profile suggests that the Raoultella beta-lactamases PLA-1 and ORN-1 should be classified into the group 2be of the beta-lactamase classification of K. Bush, G. A. Jacoby, and A. A. Medeiros (Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 39:1211-1233, 1995). The highly homologous regions upstream of the bla(PLA-1A) and bla(ORN-1A) genes comprised a nucleotide sequence identical to the -35 region and another one very close to the -10 region of the bla(LEN-1) gene. From now on, as the bla gene sequences of the most frequent Raoultella and Klebsiella species are available, the bla gene amplification method can be used to differentiate these species from each other, which the biochemical tests currently carried out in the clinical laboratory are unable to do.
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