Long-term alcohol and caffeine intake and risk of sudden cardiac death in women.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Alcohol and caffeine intakes may play a role in the development of sudden cardiac death (SCD) because of their effects on cholesterol, blood pressure, heart rate variability, and inflammation.

Objective

Our objective was to examine the association between long-term alcohol and caffeine intakes and risk of SCD in women.

Design

We examined 93,676 postmenopausal women who participated in the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study. Women were enrolled between 1993 and 1998 and were followed until August 2009. Women completed a food-frequency questionnaire at baseline and again at year 3. We modeled exposure to alcohol 3 ways: by using baseline intake only, a cumulative average of baseline and year 3 intake, and the most recent reported intake (a simple t

SUBMITTER: Bertoia ML 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3652927 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Jun

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature