Dataset Information

Exercise interventions for cancer survivors: a meta-analysis of quality of life outcomes.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Exercise improves quality of life (QOL) in cancer survivors, although characteristics of efficacious exercise interventions for this population have not been identified.

Purpose

The present meta-analysis examines the efficacy of exercise interventions in improving QOL in cancer survivors, as well as features that may moderate such effects.

Method

Studies were identified and coded, and QOL effect sizes were calculated and analyzed for trends.

Results

Overall, exercise interventions increased QOL, but this tendency depended to some extent on exercise and patient features. Although several features were associated with effect sizes, models revealed that interventions were particularly successful if they targeted more intense aerobic exercise and addressed women. These tendencies emerged over longer periods of time and were more prominent in studies with higher methodological quality.

Conclusion

Appropriately designed exercise interventions enhance QOL for cancer survivors and this pattern is especially evident for women. Limitations are discussed.

SUBMITTER: Ferrer RA

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3712334 | biostudies-literature | 2011 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Publications

Exercise interventions for cancer survivors: a meta-analysis of quality of life outcomes.

Ferrer Rebecca A RA Huedo-Medina Tania B TB Johnson Blair T BT Ryan Stacey S Pescatello Linda S LS

Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine 20110201 1

<h4>Background</h4>Exercise improves quality of life (QOL) in cancer survivors, although characteristics of efficacious exercise interventions for this population have not been identified.<h4>Purpose</h4>The present meta-analysis examines the efficacy of exercise interventions in improving QOL in cancer survivors, as well as features that may moderate such effects.<h4>Method</h4>Studies were identified and coded, and QOL effect sizes were calculated and analyzed for trends.<h4>Results</h4>Overal ...[more]

PMID: 20931309

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Project description:BackgroundThis meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of exercise interventions on body composition and quality of life in overweight/obese breast cancer survivors.MethodsEligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were searched from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases and assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's assessing risk tool. The effect size was pooled as weighted mean difference (WMD) for body composition variables (i.e., body mass index [BMI], body fat, body weight, fat mass, lean mass, bone mineral density) and quality of life (i.e., physical health and mental health), and the confidence interval (CI) was set as 95%. Since heterogeneity existed, subgroup analysis was conducted to detect the source of heterogeneity.ResultsEight articles from six RCTs containing 548 overweight/obese breast cancer survivors (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were included and analyzed. Compared to routine care, exercise intervention significantly decreased the body mass index [WMD (95% CI) = -1.37 (-2.50, -0.23) kg/m2] and body fat [WMD (95% CI) = -3.80 (-6.59, -1.01) %] of overweight/obese breast cancer survivors. Exercise intervention showed a tendency to increase physical health [WMD (95% CI) = 2.65 (-10.19, 15.48)] and mental health [WMD (95%CI) = 1.38 (-4.18, 6.95)], but no statistical significance was observed. A subgroup analysis showed the duration of intervention was a source of heterogeneity on body composition. In the 16-week subgroup, exercise intervention decreased fat mass and BMI while increased lean mass and bone mineral density. The 52-week exercise intervention was effective in increasing lean mass. A significant exercise intervention effect on reducing body fat was only detected in the 12-week subgroup.ConclusionExercise intervention significantly decreased the body mass index and body fat of overweight/obese breast cancer survivors. The benefits of exercise interventions for overweight/obese breast cancer survivors need more evidence from high-quality RCTs with large sample sizes.

Project description:BackgroundBreast (BCa) and prostate (PCa) cancer are two of the most common but survivable cancers. One important component of survivorship that is impacted by treatment long term is diminished quality of life (QoL). Supervised exercise improves QoL and subsequent outcomes but is not accessible for all survivors. Additionally, many factors influence QoL including physical activity (PA), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), physical function, and fatigue. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need to increase access to exercise beyond supervised exercise facilities. Home-based exercise may provide a feasible alternative for cancer survivors especially for those living in rural communities.ObjectivesThe primary aim is to investigate the effects of home-based exercise training (Pre-training vs. Post-training) on QoL in BCa/PCa. A secondary aim is to investigate PA, CRF, physical function, and fatigue and potential moderators (age, cancer-type, intervention duration and type). Home-based exercise trials (randomized crossover or quasi-experimental design) with adults (aged 18 years and over) breast or prostate cancer survivors (not currently undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment) were eligible for inclusion.Data sourcesElectronic databases were searched (inception-December 2022) for studies which included adult BCa or PCa survivors (not currently on chemotherapy/radiation), at least measured QoL, and undergoing unsupervised, home-based exercise training.Appraisal and synthesis methodsInitially, 819 studies were identified, from which 17 studies (20 effects) involving 692 participants were extracted. Effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean differences (SMD). Data were pooled using a 3-level model with restricted maximum likelihood estimation. Pooled SMD was used to assess the magnitude of effect, where <0.2, 0.2, 0.5, and 0.8 was defined as trivial, small, moderate, and large respectively.ResultsHome-based exercise resulted in small improvements in QoL (SMD = 0.30, 95% CI 0.01, 0.60, p = 0.042), PA (SMD = 0.49, 95% CI 0.26, 0.75, p<0.001) and CRF (SMD = 0.45, 95% CI -0.01, 0.91, p = 0.056). Physical function (SMD = 0.00, 95% CI -0.21, 0.21, p = 1.000) and fatigue (SMD = -0.61, 95%CI -1.53, 0.32, p = 0.198) did not change.ConclusionsHome-based exercise results in small improves QoL in BCa/PCa survivors, independent of cancer type, intervention duration and type, or age. Home-based exercise also improves PA and CRF enhancing survivorship. Therefore, home-based exercise is an efficacious alternative option to improve QoL for BCa and PCa survivors especially for those who live in rural communities or lack access to exercise facilities.

Project description:PurposeIn this study, exercise interventions were evaluated for their effects on cancer-related fatigue (CRF) and quality of life (QoL) among cancer patients.DesignA meta-analysis was performed.MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases, and gray literature sources including the Virginia Henderson International Nursing Library and Google Scholar. This study only included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining how exercise interventions affect CRF and QoL among cancer patients. Based on the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias Assessment Tool, version 2 (RoB 2) and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, the methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated. In addition, standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were applied to assess the intervention effect with respect to CRF and QoL. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager (version 5.4).ResultsThere were a total of 1573 participants in the 28 included articles. According to the meta-analysis, CRF (SMD = -0.35, 95% CI: -0.63 to -0.07, p = 0.01) and QoL (SMD = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.53, p < 0.01) were positively affected by exercise interventions. Subgroup analyses revealed considerable improvements in CRF (SMD = -0.54, 95% CI: -1.00 to -0.09, p = 0.02) and QoL (SMD = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.59, p < 0.01) from aerobic exercise. An intervention duration less than 12 weeks had a better effect on CRF (SMD = -0.80, 95% CI: -1.43 to -0.17, p = 0.01) and QoL (SMD = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.85, p < 0.01), and three times per week was the most effective frequency in improving QoL (SMD = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.28 to 1.11, p < 0.01). Exercise intervention was more successful in improving CRF (SMD = -0.66, 95% CI: -1.10 to -0.21, p < 0.01) and QoL (SMD=-0.50, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.78, p < 0.01) in female cancer patients. Sensitivity analyses showed that the pooled outcomes were reliable and stable.ConclusionExercise interventions are a workable approach to improve CRF and QoL among cancer patients. An aerobic exercise intervention of less than 12 weeks might be most effective in improving CRF and QoL, and three times per week might be the most appropriate frequency. Exercise might have a more positive effect on improving CRF and QoL in female cancer patients. Additionally, a larger number of high-quality RCTs should be conducted to further confirm the efficacy of exercise interventions on CRF and QoL among cancer patients.Registration numberCRD42022351137.

Project description:ImportanceCancer and its treatment negatively impact the mental health of older adults. The potential of exercise interventions as a complementary treatment to alleviate the psychological impacts of cancer is promising, but there are gaps in the current literature.ObjectiveTo determine if exercise interventions are associated with improvements in psychological outcomes among older adults with cancer.Data sourcesPubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Cochrane databases were searched from database inception to November 5, 2024. Search terms used were geriatrics, cancer, depression, anxiety, quality of life, and exercise interventions.Study selectionEnglish-language randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that analyzed the association of various exercise interventions with at least 1 of 3 psychological outcomes (depression, anxiety, or health-related quality-of-life [HRQOL]) were included. The control groups were given usual care. Studies were included if the mean age of participants was older than 60 years and had participants with a diagnosis of any cancer regardless of comorbidities.Data extraction and synthesisStudies were screened, and data were extracted by 2 independent authors. Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were used for analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guideline was followed.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcomes were depression, anxiety, and HRQOL. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was used to quantify the association of exercise interventions with outcomes.ResultsA total of 27 RCTs with 1929 participants were included. Meta-analyses observed an association of exercise with a significant reduction in levels of depression (SMD = -0.53; 95% CI, -0.79 to -0.28) and anxiety (SMD = -0.39; 95% CI, -0.66 to -0.12) and improvements in overall HRQOL (SMD = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.10 to 1.17). Subgroup analyses revealed that mind-body exercise interventions were significantly associated with improved depression (SMD = -0.89; 95% CI, -1.51 to -0.27) and anxiety levels (SMD = -0.77; 95% CI, -1.54 to -0.01) compared with conventional exercise interventions.ConclusionIn this systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 RCTs, exercise interventions were found to be associated with significantly reduced levels of depression and anxiety and significantly improved HRQOL in older adults with cancer. These findings suggest that health care professionals and policymakers should focus more on implementing exercise interventions to improve mental health outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Project description:ObjectiveCancer survivors often face significant health-related quality of life (HRQoL) challenges. Although exercise has been proven to improve HRQoL in cancer survivors, the optimal dose and intensity of exercise for this population has not been fully determined. Adherence to exercise may vary based on exercise intensity, affecting results. This study explored the dose-response relationship of different exercise types and intensities to better understand their impact on HRQoL in cancer survivors.MethodsWe searched five databases-PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus-from their inception until 1 December 2023. Data analysis was performed using R software with the MBNMA and RJAGS packages. Due to combining data from different scales, effect sizes were reported as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% credible intervals (95% CrI). The risk of bias was assessed independently by three reviewers using the RoB2 tool.ResultsA total of 48 studies involving 3050 cancer survivors. Across all exercise types, the most beneficial exercise dose was identified to be 850 metabolic equivalents of task (METs)-min/week (SMD: 0.753, 95%Crl: 0.463 to 1.096), with diminishing returns observed beyond 1,100 METs-min/week. Among the various types of exercises, mixed training (MT) emerged as the optimal choice, demonstrating its efficacy at 970 METs-min/week (SMD: 0.883, 95% Crl: 0.455 to 1.345). Aerobic exercise (AE) at a dose of 430 METs-min/week (SMD: 0.681, 95% Crl: 0.206 to 1.099) and resistance training (RT) at 450 METs-min/week (SMD: 0.695, 95% Crl: 0.227 to 1.203) also showed significant benefits. Additionally, mind-body exercises, such as tai chi, qigong, or yoga, exhibited optimal effects at a dose of 390 METs-min/week (SMD: 0.672, 95% Crl: 0.259 to 1.087).ConclusionOur study sheds light on the intricate relationship between exercise interventions and health-related quality of life in cancer survivors, as elucidated through a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis. The identified optimal exercise dose of 850 METs-min/week resulted in a significant improvement in health-related quality of life, underscoring the importance of regular exercise in cancer survivorship. MT emerged as the most effective modality, closely followed by RT, AE, and MBE.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=493328, identifier CRD42024493328.

Dataset Information

Exercise interventions for cancer survivors: a meta-analysis of quality of life outcomes.

Background

Purpose

Method

Results

Conclusion

Publications

Exercise interventions for cancer survivors: a meta-analysis of quality of life outcomes.

Similar Datasets

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