Geographic and temporal trends in antimicrobial nonsusceptibility in Streptococcus pneumoniae in the post-vaccine era in the United States.

ABSTRACT:

Background

We examined whether observed increases in antibiotic nonsusceptible nonvaccine serotypes after introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the United States in 2000 were driven primarily by vaccine or antibiotic use.

Methods

 Using active surveillance data, we evaluated geographic and temporal differences in serotype distribution and within-serotype differences during 2000-2009. We compared nonsusceptibility to penicillin and erythromycin by geography after standardizing differences across time, place, and serotype by regressing standardized versus crude proportions. A regression slope (RS) approaching zero indicates greater importance of the standardizing factor.

Results

 Through 2000-2006, geographic differences in nonsusceptibility were better expl

SUBMITTER: Link-Gelles R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3778966 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature