Enteroviruses harness the cellular endocytic machinery to remodel the host cell cholesterol landscape for effective viral replication.

ABSTRACT: Cholesterol is a critical component of cellular membranes, regulating assembly and function of membrane-based protein/lipid complexes. Many RNA viruses, including enteroviruses, remodel host membranes to generate organelles with unique lipid blueprints on which they assemble replication complexes and synthesize viral RNA. Here we find that clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is harnessed by enteroviruses to traffic cholesterol from the plasma membrane (PM) and extracellular medium to replication organelles, where cholesterol then regulates viral polyprotein processing and facilitates genome synthesis. When CME is disrupted, cellular cholesterol pools are instead stored in lipid droplets, cholesterol cannot be trafficked to replication organelles, and replication is inhibited. In contrast,

SUBMITTER: Ilnytska O 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3802520 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature