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Diabetes control and complications trial/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study at 30 years: advances and contributions.

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SUBMITTER: Nathan DM

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3837056 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature

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Diabetes control and complications trial/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study at 30 years: advances and contributions.

Nathan David M DM Bayless Margaret M Cleary Patricia P Genuth Saul S Gubitosi-Klug Rose R Lachin John M JM Lorenzi Gayle G Zinman Bernard B

Diabetes.. 20131201 12

PMID: 24264395

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Project description:BackgroundClinical treatment goals of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have changed since the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) demonstrated reduced long-term complications with intensive diabetes therapy. There have been few longitudinal studies to describe the clinical course of T1DM in the age of intensive therapy. Our objective was to describe the current-day clinical course of T1DM.MethodsAn analysis of the cumulative incidence of long-term complications was performed. The DCCT (1983-1993) assigned patients to conventional or intensive therapy. Since 1993, the DCCT has been observational, and intensive therapy was recommended for all patients. The Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications (EDC) study is an observational study of patients with T1DM from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. The study population comprised the DCCT T1DM cohort (N = 1441) and a subset of the EDC cohort (n = 161) selected to match DCCT entry criteria. In the DCCT, intensive therapy aimed for a near-normal glycemic level with 3 or more daily insulin injections or an insulin pump. Conventional therapy, with 1 to 2 daily insulin injections, was not designed to achieve specific glycemic targets. Main outcome measures included the incidences of proliferative retinopathy, nephropathy (albumin excretion rate >300 mg/24 h, creatinine level >or=2 mg/dL [to convert to micromoles per liter, multiply by 88.4], or renal replacement), and cardiovascular disease.ResultsAfter 30 years of diabetes, the cumulative incidences of proliferative retinopathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease were 50%, 25%, and 14%, respectively, in the DCCT conventional treatment group, and 47%, 17%, and 14%, respectively, in the EDC cohort. The DCCT intensive therapy group had substantially lower cumulative incidences (21%, 9%, and 9%) and fewer than 1% became blind, required kidney replacement, or had an amputation because of diabetes during that time.ConclusionThe frequencies of serious complications in patients with T1DM, especially when treated intensively, are lower than that reported historically.

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Diabetes control and complications trial/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study at 30 years: advances and contributions.

Publications

Diabetes control and complications trial/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study at 30 years: advances and contributions.

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