Selecting an appropriate caliper can be essential for achieving good balance with propensity score matching.

ABSTRACT: Matching on the propensity score is widely used to estimate the effect of an exposure in observational studies. However, the quality of the matches can be affected by decisions made during the matching process, particularly the order in which subjects are selected for matching and the maximum permitted difference between matched subjects (the "caliper"). This study used simulations to explore the effects of these decisions on both the imbalance of covariates and the closeness of matching, while allowing the numbers of potential matches and strengths of association between the confounding variable and the exposure to vary. It was found that, without a caliper, substantial bias was possible, particularly with a relatively small reservoir of potential matches and strong confounder-exposure as

SUBMITTER: Lunt M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3873103 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature