Genetics of glucose homeostasis: implications for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.

ABSTRACT: This review summarizes the current understanding of the genetic basis of glucose homeostasis through genome-wide association scans and candidate gene studies of case-control and family-based designs. We highlight the implications of phenotype-direct (euglycemic clamp or frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test) and indirect (fasting insulin and fasting glucose) measures on the determinants of insulin resistance and β-cell response that precede and contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the metabolic syndrome. Finally, we examine future approaches that may aid in understanding the biology of insulin resistance and T2DM. Over the past 2 decades, the prevalence of insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, and T2DM has increased. Ethnic differences

SUBMITTER: Norris JM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3988457 | biostudies-literature | 2012 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature