Trained immunity or tolerance: opposing functional programs induced in human monocytes after engagement of various pattern recognition receptors.

ABSTRACT: Upon priming with Candida albicans or with the fungal cell wall component β-glucan, monocytes respond with an increased cytokine production upon restimulation, a phenomenon termed "trained immunity." In contrast, the prestimulation of monocytes with lipopolysaccharide has long been known to induce tolerance. Because the vast majority of commensal microorganisms belong to bacterial or viral phyla, we sought to systematically investigate the functional reprogramming of monocytes induced by the stimulation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) with various bacterial or viral ligands. Monocytes were functionally programmed for either enhanced (training) or decreased (tolerance) cytokine production, depending on the type and concentration of ligand they encountered. The functional reprogrammi

SUBMITTER: Ifrim DC 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC3993125 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Apr

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature