Host responses in human skin after conventional intradermal injection or microneedle administration of virus-like-particle influenza vaccine.

ABSTRACT: Miniaturized microneedle devices are being developed for painlessly targeting vaccines to the immune cell populations in skin. As skin immunization studies are generally restricted to animal models however, where skin architecture and immunity is greatly different to human, surprisingly little is known about the local human response to intradermal (ID) vaccines. Here surgically excised human skin is used to explore for the first time the complex molecular and cellular host responses to a candidate influenza vaccine comprising nanoparticulate virus-like-particles (VLPs), administered via conventional hypodermic injection or reduced scale microneedles. Responses at the molecular level are determined by microarray analysis (47,296 discrete transcripts) and validated by quantitative PCR (96 ge

SUBMITTER: Pearton M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4009496 | biostudies-literature | 2013 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature