Global spatiotemporal and genetic footprint of the H5N1 avian influenza virus.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Since 2005, the Qinghai-like lineage of the highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus H5N1 has rapidly spread westward to Europe, the Middle East and Africa, reaching a dominant level at a global scale in 2006.

Methods

Based on a combination of genetic sequence data and H5N1 outbreak information from 2005 to 2011, we use an interdisciplinary approach to improve our understanding of the transmission pattern of this particular clade 2.2, and present cartography of global spatiotemporal transmission footprints with genetic characteristics.

Results

Four major viral transmission routes were derived with three sources- Russia, Mongolia, and the Middle East (Kuwait and Saudi Arabia)-in the three consecutive years 2005, 2006 and 2007. With spatiotemporal transmissi

SUBMITTER: Li R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4059878 | biostudies-literature | 2014 May

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature