A follow-up study of maternal expressed emotion toward children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): relation with severity and persistence of ADHD and comorbidity.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with conflicted parent-child relationships. The underlying mechanisms of this association are not yet fully understood. We investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between externalizing psychopathology in children with ADHD, and expressed emotion (EE; warmth and criticism) and psychopathology in mothers.

Method

In this 6-year follow-up study, 385 children with an ADHD combined subtype were included at baseline (mean, 11.5 years, 83.4% male), of which 285 children (74%) were available at follow-up (mean, 17.5 years, 83.5% male). At both time points, measures of child psychopathology (i.e., ADHD severity, oppositional, and conduct problems), maternal EE, and maternal psychopathology

SUBMITTER: Richards JS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4066112 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature