Optogenetic astrocyte activation modulates response selectivity of visual cortex neurons in vivo.

ABSTRACT: Astrocytes play important roles in synaptic transmission and plasticity. Despite in vitro evidence, their causal contribution to cortical network activity and sensory information processing in vivo remains unresolved. Here we report that selective photostimulation of astrocytes with channelrhodopsin-2 in primary visual cortex enhances both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission, through the activation of type 1a metabotropic glutamate receptors. Photostimulation of astrocytes in vivo increases the spontaneous firing of parvalbumin-positive (PV(+)) inhibitory neurons, while excitatory and somatostatin-positive (SOM(+)) neurons show either an increase or decrease in their activity. Moreover, PV(+) neurons show increased baseline visual responses and reduced orientation selectivity t

SUBMITTER: Perea G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4075037 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature