Localized oncolytic virotherapy overcomes systemic tumor resistance to immune checkpoint blockade immunotherapy.

ABSTRACT: Preexisting lymphocytic infiltration of tumors is associated with superior prognostic outcomes in a variety of cancers. Recent studies also suggest that lymphocytic responses may identify patients more likely to benefit from therapies targeting immune checkpoints, suggesting that therapeutic efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade can be enhanced through strategies that induce tumor inflammation. To achieve this effect, we explored the immunotherapeutic potential of oncolytic Newcastle disease virus (NDV). We find that localized intratumoral therapy of B16 melanoma with NDV induces inflammatory responses, leading to lymphocytic infiltrates and antitumor effect in distant (nonvirally injected) tumors without distant virus spread. The inflammatory effect coincided with distant tumor infiltrat

SUBMITTER: Zamarin D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4106918 | biostudies-literature | 2014 Mar

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature