Adenosine A2A receptors modulate acute injury and neuroinflammation in brain ischemia.

ABSTRACT: The extracellular concentration of adenosine in the brain increases dramatically during ischemia. Adenosine A(2A) receptor is expressed in neurons and glial cells and in inflammatory cells (lymphocytes and granulocytes). Recently, adenosine A(2A) receptor emerged as a potential therapeutic attractive target in ischemia. Ischemia is a multifactorial pathology characterized by different events evolving in the time. After ischemia the early massive increase of extracellular glutamate is followed by activation of resident immune cells, that is, microglia, and production or activation of inflammation mediators. Proinflammatory cytokines, which upregulate cell adhesion molecules, exert an important role in promoting recruitment of leukocytes that in turn promote expansion of the inflammatory res

SUBMITTER: Pedata F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC4138795 | biostudies-literature | 2014

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature